INSTIIUCTION
137
Of the Chiistians enumerated above (2,284,380) the following are the chief sub-divisions as given in the official returns : —
Sect Population j Sect Populatioii Roman Catholics . Church of England Presbyterians Dissenters . 1,315,263 ; 295,016 40,407 296,938 Other Protestants . Syrians, Armenians, and Greeks 63,967 201,684
Instruction. The following statistics are those of the census of 1891 :-
— Under Instruction Not under Instruc- tion, and able to read and write Not under Instruc- tion and unable to read and write 118,819,408 127,726,768 246,546,176 Not returned. 13,356,295 12,028,210 25,384,505 Males . Females 2,997,558 197,662 11,554,035 543,495 3,195,220 12,097,530
In 1896-97 the total expenditure on public instruction in India was Rx. 3,524,490, against Rx. 67,100 in 1865, and Rx. 39,400 in 1858. Of the sum spent in 1896-97, Rx. 574,715 came from local rates and cesses ; Rx, 149,672 from municipal funds ; Rx. 786,711 from subscriptions, endow- ments, &c. ; Rx, 1,061,093 from fees ; and Rx. 952,299 from provincial revenues. The following was the educational expenditure (in tons of rupees) for five vears: —
1892-93 1893-94 1894-95 1895-96 1896-97 Rx. 3,167,282 Rx. 3,227,970 Ry. 3,308,843 Rx. 3,506,530 Rx. 3,524,490
At the head of the national system of education in India there arc the five Universities of Calcutta, Madras, Bombay, Allahabad, and the Punjal), which, though merely examining liodies, have numerous affiliated colleges in which a prescribed higher education is given than at the schools, Normal schools have been established in every i)rovince for training teachers ; and a staff of inspecting officers visit all schools on the de})artniental lists. Medical colleges furnish a limited number of graduates and a larger numlier of certificated practitioners who do duty at hospitals and dispensaries, or serve in the military medical department. Engineering and other technical schools have also increased, and there are a few art schools. The following table shows the number of students who matriculated at the five Universities for the years quoted
Universities 1892 1893 1894 1895 2,293 1896 1897 Calcntta . 1,695 3.156 1,946 2,308 2,899 l^Iadras 2,381 520 776 918 1,690 1,642 Bombay . 016 1,054 640 934 944 1,232 Punjab (519 787 854 779 1,139 837 Allahabiid 747 749 688 832 693 859 j
