JUSTICE — FINANCE
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professors and 3,710 pupils. There are also 35 normal schools with 10,949 pupils. There are 3 universities, at Cordova, Buenos Ayres, and La Plata, comprising faculties of law, medicine, and engineering, with a total of 2,500 students; a school of mines (39 students), 2 colleges of agriculture/ a naval and a military school. There is a well-equii)ped national observatory at Cordoba, and another at La Plata, museums at Buenos Ayres and La Plata, and a meteorological bureau.
Justice.
Justice is exercised by a Supreme Court of five jutlges and an attorney- general, which is also a court of appeal, and by a numljcr of inferior and local courts, trial by jury being established by the Constitution for criminal cases. Each State has its own judicial system.
In 1895 in Buenos Ayres, 4,553 criminal cases were tried. Of those tried on criminal charges 1,227 were Italians, 628 Spaniards, 1,453 Argentines, 29 English. Of the trials 75 were for murder. There were, besides, 14,626 breaches of the peace. The number of prisoners in the national penitentiary at the end of 1896 was 343 (145 Argentine citizens and 198 foreigners).
Finance.
The revenue and expenditure of the Republic are stated as follows : —
Revenue
Expenditure
lears
Dollars Gold
Dollars Paper
21,746,790 21,142,921 28,958,460 29,468,174 61,035,853
Dollars Gold
Dollars Paper
62,411,384 72,015,214 83,933,386 92,122,343 93,427,502
1893 1894 1895 1896 1897
31,864,096 28,255,719 29,805,651 32,052,951 30,466,322
18,698,911 19,950,193 24,165,239 46,891,221 29,214,763
The estimated revenue for 1898 Avas 34,759,146 dollars gold, and 52,918,000 dollars paper, and the expenditure 22,100,182 dollars gold, and 97,881,111 dollars paper. For 1899 the Government estimates of revenue and exijenditure were : —
t
Revenue
Dollars Gold
Revenue
Dollars Paper
Customs duties .
28,099,800
Alcohol ,
18,000,000
Port dues, Storage, &c.
2,522,900
Tobacco .
8,849,400
Stamps .
232,300
Other taxes
13,868,400
Prov. of Buenos Aires,
Sanitary works
5,900,000
service of foreign debt
1,360,000
Land tax
2,000,000
National Bank .
208,500
Stamps & licenses
7,314,600
Posts and telegraphs .
4,543,900
Laud sales, leases, &c. .
4,120,000
Bank profits
2,000,000
32,423,500
Various , Total
944,000 67,540,600
Total
