380
AUSTRIA
The cultivation of the soil is an important industry, furnishing employment to nearly half the population. The proportion of productive land is greatest in Dal matia, Silesia, Moravia, Buko- wina, Bohemia, and Galicia ; least in Salzburg and Tyrol.
As to tlie distribution of the soil in Austria, we have the following results taken from the latest official figures : —
Percentage of total area Arable and garden land . . . . . .367
Vineyard O'S
Pastures and meadows. . . . . . . 23*8
Woodlands 32-6
Lakes and fishponds . . . . . . 0'4
Total area subject to taxation Exempt from taxes
Total
94-3 57
. 100-0
In 1897 the total area cultivated was 28,176,532 hectares, while 9777,414 hectares were under woods and forests. The following table shows tiie area in thousands of hectares (2 47 acres) of the leading crops, the total produce in thousands of hectolitres (275 Ijushels dry, 22 gallons liquid measure) or of quintals, and also the produce per hectare in hectolitres or quintals.
1897
3a in
000
tares
duce 1,000 olitres
Produce
jjer
hectare
in hectol.
1897
- 0=1
Produce in 1,000
Produce per hectare
<^M
hectolitres
in hectolitres
quintals
quintals
Wheat .
1,058
12,637
11-9
Potatoes .
1,160
80,011
69
Barley
1,17:^
17,534
15-0
Sugar beet
211
49,206
233 1
Oats
1,911
33,888
17-7
Beet(other)
154
24,336
161-8
Rye
1,839
23,197
12 6
hectolitres
hectolitres
Pulse
278
3,009
10-8
Vineyards.
253
2,775
10-9
Buckwheat .
155
1,856
12-0
quintals
quintals
Maize .
336
4,977
14-8
ToV)acco .
4-1
63
15-3
Other cereahs.
89
1,318
14-8
Hops
17
84
3-7
Hemp
35
184
5-3
Flax. . 83
400
4-8
The following show the average produce of the leading crops in quintals per hectare for the ten years 1886-95: — Wheat, 10 '8; rye, 111; barley, 9 '9 ; oats, 8 "9 ; maize, 12*4 ; potatoes, 791 ; wine, 16 "0 hectolitres ; sugar beet, 208 '0 metre-centners.
Barley and wine are most largely exported, though in some years con- siderable quantities of wheat are also exported.
In Austria in 1891 there were 1,548,197 horses, 8,643,936 cattle, 3,186,787 sheep, 3,549,700 pigs, and 1,035,832 goats.
The total value of the Austrian live stock was estimated at 487 million florins. The export of horses, cattle, and sheep far exceeds the imports.
