AREA AND POPULATION
511
Area : English sq.
Population
Populaliou per sq. mile.
Departments
miles
April, 1891
April, 1896
1896
Seine-et-Oise
2,164
628,590
669,098
309-2
Sevres (Deux)
2,317
354,282
346,694
149-6
Somme
2,379
546,495
543,279
228-3
Tarn .
2,217
346,739
339,827
153-3
Tarn-et-Garoniic .
1,436
206,596
200,390
139-5
A^ar
2,349
288,336
309,191
131-6
Yauclusc
1,370
235,411
236,313
172-5
Aen(lee
2,588
442,355
441,735
170-6
Vienne
2,691
344,355
338,114
125-6
Vienne (Haute-) .
2,130
372,878
375,724
176-4
A^osges .
2,266
410,196
421,412
186-0
Yonne .
2,868
344,688
332,656
115-9
Total
204,092
38,342,948
38,517,975
188-7
The population actually present at the date of the Census in 1886 was 37,886,566, and in 1891, 38,133,385. Of the total population present in 1891, 18,932,354 ^49-65 per cent.) were males, and 19,201,031 (50-35 per cent.) females.
It will be seen that between 1891 and 1896 there has been a decrease of population in 63 departments, and an increase in 24 the total net increase being 175,027.
Notwithstanding a moderate death-rate, the population of France increases more slowly than that of most States of AVestern Europe, owing to the low rate of births. Between the years 1811 and 1820 the average annual surplus of births over deaths was 5-7 per thousand of population ; between 1851 and 1860 it was 2 9 ; and between 1881 and 1885 it was 1-6. The average number of births per marriage was (1881-85) about 3 ; in 1891 it was 2'1.
The changes of area and pojnilation since 1801 (date of the first census taken) are seen from the following table. Tlie third, fourth, and fifth columns o'ive [in lirackets] for the first five censuses the poi)ulation, its density, and its average annual increase on the present territory of France, and are thus compar- able with the data for the censuses posterior to the loss of Alsace and Lorraine.
Dates
Area : sq. miles
Population
Inhabitants per sq. mile
Annual Increase per 10,000 inhabits.
1801
204,765
27,349,00.3
134
_
[26,930,750]
[132]
1821
—
30,461,875
140
57
[20,871,176]
[146]
[55
1841
—
.34,230,178
167
62
[33,400,864]
[164]
[68]
1861
209,625
37,386,313
178
37
[35,844,002]
[176]
[36]
1866
—
38,067,064
182
40
[36,495,480]
[170]
[36]
1872
204,092
36,102,921
177
[-17J1
1876
—
36,905,788
181
.54
1881
—
37,fi72,04.S
184
41
1886
—
38,218,903
187
20
1891
—
38,342,948
187-8
6-5
1896
~~
.38,517,975
188-7
4-5
^ Decrea.se.
