PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY
533
III. Manufactures.
The total uuniber ul' industrial establishments in France in 1896 was as follows : —
Industries
Establishments
yteani engines
Horse-power
Tissues and clothing
6.627
7,317
279,506
Metals ....
4,926
8,135
226,689
Mines and quarries
3,065
5,500
179,6.v2
Foods ....
9,141
10,729
136,127 1
Buildings
6,922
7,982
169,272
Agriculture
15,239
18,743
111,123
Chemical and tanning .
3,123
3,788
59,850
Paper, printing, furni-
ture, &c.
3,493
3,847
55,099
State services . Total
435
1,306
45,370 ,
52,971
67,347
1,262,688
Textile Indiidrics. — In 1896 the numbers of factories for silk, cotton, woollen, and other manufactures were : silk, for unwinding cocoons, 221 with 10,468 pans; carding and combing, 37 with 692 machines ; throwing, 708 with 1,624,530 spindles, &c. ; for spinning, 19 with 150,000 spindles ; for weaving, 745 with 28,270 power looms and 39, 165 hand-looms; cotton, for carding, &:c., 46 with 186 machines ; for spinning 275 with 4,024,811 spindles ; wool, for carding 229 with 351 machines ; for spinning, 837 with 3,173,274 spindles; for carpet weaving, 82 with 5,593 looms; for other woollen goods, 1,043 with 11,714 power looms and 16,604 hand looms ; for various manufactures of cotton, Hax or hemp, 2,112 factories, and for mixed tissues, 990 factories ; for spinning hemp, flax, or jute, &c., 103 factories.
The values of the yearly imports and exports of woollens and silks in millions of francs are seen from the subjoined table : —
WooUeus
Silks
Years
Iiii]
orts
Exports
Imports
Exports
Yarn
Cloth
Yarn
Cloth
Tissues
Tissues
224-5 223-5 270-8 247-0 270-9
1893 1894 1895 1896 1897
12-5
9-8 13-6 15-4 10-8
50-2 43-6 41-9 45-1 40-0
21-0 18-5 31-1 29-6 24-1
278-9 242-3 323-1 294-1 265-5
51-0 41-9 50-2 50-3 520
Sugar. — In 1896-97 there were 358 sugar works, employing regularly 43,654 men, 3,597 women, and 2,556 children, with occasionally about 8,000 other workpeople. The yield of sugar during the last 12 years (expressed in thousands of kilogrammes of refined sugar) was : —
