030
GERMAN empire: — HAMBURG
Marriages (1897), 6,369 ; births, 23,909 (838, or 3*46 per cent, still-born, 2,987, or 12"33 per cent., illegitimate) ; deaths, 12,840; snrplus of births, 11,069.
Religion, Justice, Crime, and Agriculture.
On December 2, 1895, Hamburg contained 633,949 Protestants (93 '16 per cent.), 24,518 Roman Catholics (3-60 per cent.), 3,248 other Christians, 17,308 Jews (2 "54 per cent.), and 2,609 unclassified.
The State contains three Amtsgerichte, a Landgericht, and the ' Han- seatische Oberlandesgericht," or court of appeal for the Hanse Towns and the Principality of Liibeck (Oldenburg). In 1896, 9,236 persons, i.e. 181*6 per 10,000 inhabitants above twelve years, were convicted of crime.
The number of separate agricultural holdings in the rural districts (" Landgebiet ") of Hamburg on June 14, 1895, was as follows : —
Under 1 Hect.
1-10 Hect.
10-100 Hect. Above 100 Hect.
Total
5,454
1,263
607
12
7,336
The population actively engaged in agriculture (as principal profession) was 7,618, and together with the domestics and dependants, 16,197.
Finance.
For 1898 the revenue was estimated at 77,406,696 marks, and expendi- ture 79,392,639 marks. The largest source of income is direct taxes, amounting to nearly one-third the whole revenue, and next to that the proceeds of domains, quays, railways, &c. The largest item in the expendi- ture is for the debt, 13,100,000 marks in 1898 ; for education the expenditure is 8,084,132 marks. The direct taxation amounts to 30 marks per head of population.
The public debt of Hamburg on January 1, 1898, amounted to 344,778,781 marks. The debt was incurred chiefly for the construction of public works.
Commerce and Shipping.
Hamburg is the principal seaport in Germany (comp. table on p. 562). The following table exhibits the imports and exports by sea during live years : —
Year
Imports by Sea
Exports by Sea
Weight in 100 Kilogrammes
Value in 1,000 Marks
Weight in 100 Kilogrdmmes
Value in 1,000 Marks
1893 1894 1895 1896 1897
54,963,151 59,974,209 63,690,362 71,038,625 80,666,618
1,556,879 1,566,059 1,661,433 1,713,071 1,790,833
26,356,645 27,470,203 29,778,646 32,406,655 36,837,637
1,291,343 1,214,589 1,336,773 1,439,210 1,435,214
The import and export of the precious metals are not included in the above figures. The total value of the imports in 1897 was 187,099,500 marks, and of the exports 7,992,300 marks. The marine trade of Hamburg in 1897 in millions of kilogiammes was : —
