for the common defense, to preserve the sovereignty of the United States as an independent nation, and to guarantee to each State a republican form of government, enact appropriate legislation recognizing the existence of such world-wide conspiracy and designed to prevent it from accomplishing its purpose in the United States.
- (14) The detention of persons who there is reasonable ground to believe probably will commit or conspire with others to commit espionage or sabotage is, in a time of internal security emergency, essential to the common defense and to the safety and security of the territory, the people and the Constitution of the United States .
- (15) It is also essential that such detention in an emergency involving the internal security of the Nation shall be so authorized, executed, restricted and reviewed as to prevent any interference with the constitutional rights and privileges of any persons, and at the same time shall be sufficiently effective to permit the performance by the Congress and the President of their constitutional duties to provide for the common defense, to wage war, and to preserve, protect and defend the Constitution, the Government and the people of the United States.
DECLARATION OF "INTERNAL SECURITY EMERGENCY"
Sec. 102. (a) In the event of any one of the following:
- (1) Invasion of the territory of the United States or its possessions,
- (2) Declaration of war by Congress, or
- (3) Insurrection within the United States in aid of a foreign enemy,
and if, upon the occurrence of one or more of the above, the President shall find that the proclamation of an emergency pursuant to this section is essential to the preservation, protection and defense of the Constitution, and to the common defense and safety of the territory and people of the United States, the President is authorized to make public proclamation of the existence of an "Internal Security Emergency".
(b) A state of "Internal Security Emergency" (hereinafter referred to as the "emergency") so declared shall continue in existence until terminated by proclamation of the President or by concurrent resolution of the Congress.
DETENTION DURING EMERGENCY
Sec. 103. (a) Whenever there shall be in existence such an emergency, the President, acting through the Attorney General, is hereby authorized to apprehend and by order detain, pursuant to the provisions of this title, each person as to whom there is reasonable ground to believe that such person probably will engage in, or probably will conspire with others to engage in, acts of espionage or of sabotage.
(b)Release of "detainee". Any person detained hereunder (hereinafter referred to as "the detainee") shall be released from such emergency detention upon—
- (1) the termination of such emergency by proclamation of the President or by concurrent resolution of the Congress;
- (2) an order of release issued by the Attorney General;
- (3) a final order of release after hearing by the Board of Detention Review, hereinafter established;
- (4) a final order of release by a United States court, after review of the action of the Board of Detention Review, or upon a writ of habeas corpus.
