incurved spine above the middle on the back; two lower scales half the size of the others, acute; two upper scales rounded at the apex, each bearing one seed, which has two lateral wings, one short and narrow, the other broad and entire or sub-dentate.
This tree occurs in the North Island of New Zealand, in forests from Mongonui southward to Hawke's Bay and Taranaki, at elevations from sea-level to 2000 feet, usually rare and local. Kawaka is the native name, and it is also known as the New Zealand Arbor Vitæ, the dark red wood, beautifully grained and durable, being used in cabinet-making.
It is occasionally seen in conservatories; the only tree growing in the open, that we know of, being one at Powerscourt, which was 20 feet high and 18 inches in girth in 1903.(A.H.)
LIBOCEDRUS BIDWILLI
- Libocedrus Bidwilli, J.D. Hooker, Flora New Zealand, i. 257 (1867); Kirk, Forest Flora New Zealand, 159, tt. 82a, 83 (1889); Cheeseman, New Zealand Flora, 647 (1906).
A tree similar to L. Doniana, but smaller, attaining a maximum of 80 feet in height and 12 feet in girth; but often bushy at high altitudes and on peat-bogs.
Branchlets on young trees like those of L. Doniana, but more slender; on old trees tetragonal, 1⁄20th to 1⁄10th inch in diameter, clothed with densely imbricated, minute, scale-like leaves, uniform in size and shape in the four ranks, closely appressed, boatshaped, ovate, acute, green in colour. Cones like those of L. Doniana, but smaller, 1⁄4 to 1⁄3 inch long.
This tree occurs both on the North and South Islands of New Zealand, from Te Aroha mountain and Mount Egmont southward to the Foveaux Strait, not uncommon in hilly and mountain forests at 800 to 4000 feet elevation. It is known as cedar or Pahautea, and has soft, red, and rather brittle wood. This species has not apparently been introduced, though judging from its occurrence higher in the mountains and more southerly in latitude than L. Doniana, it ought to be hardy in the milder parts of the British Isles.(A.H.)
LIBOCEDRUS MACROLEPIS
- Libocedrus macrolepis, Bentham et Hooker, Gen. Pl. iii. 426 (1880); Kent, Veitch's Man. Coniferæ, 255 (1900); Masters, Gard. Chron. xxx. 467 (1901); Henry, Garden, lxii. 183, with figure of tree (1902).
- Calocedrus macrolepis, Kurz, Journ. Bot. xi. 196, t. 133 (1873).
A tree, attaining in China 100 feet in height, broadly pyramidal in habit, with whitish, scaly bark. This species resembles L. decurrens in foliage—the frondose branch-systems being, however, more flattened, and the leaves thinner in texture and larger at the corresponding stages of growth than in that species—the best mark of distinction being the glaucous tint of the leaves beneath, Staminate flowers oblong,
