418 ROMILLY ROMULUS are Niebuhr's Romische Geschichte (3 vols., Berlin, 1811-'32; 2d ed., 1827-'42); Arnold's " History of Rome " (3 vols., London, 1838- '42); Gibbon's "Decline and Fall of the Ro- man Empire," edited by Milman (12 vols., 1838-'9; 2d ed., 1845); Merivale's "Fall of the Roman Republic " (1858) and " History of the Romans under the Empire " (7 vols., 1850- '62); Mommsen's Romische Geschichte (3 vols., Berlin, 1854-'6; translated into English, 1862- '3) ; and Ihne's Romische Geschichte (Leipsic, 1868 et seq.). For fuller descriptions of the city of Rome see Franz Reber, Die Ruinen Horns und der Campagna (Leipsic, 1863) ; Rob- ert Burn, " Rome and the Campagna, an His- torical and Topographical Description of the Site, Buildings, and Neighborhood of Ancient Rome" (Cambridge and London, 1871); Au- gustus J. 0. Hare, " Walks in Rome" (London, 1871); Francis Wey, "Rome" (1872); and Charles Isidore Hemans, "Historic and Monu- mental Rome" (1874). See also Gregorovius, Geschichte der Stadt Rom in Mittelalter (8 vols., Stuttgart, 1859-'72; 3d ed., 1874). ROMILLY. I. Sir Sanel, an English jurist, born in London, March 1, 1757, died there by his own hand, Nov. 2, 1818. He was de- scended from French Protestant refugees, was distinguished as a chancery lawyer, and in 1806 was appointed solicitor general. He was elected to the house of commons, and for many years strenuously advocated parliamen- tary reform, the abolition of the slave trade, the emancipation of the Roman Catholics, and the mitigation of the criminal code. Down to 1818 he had represented "pocket boroughs." In that year he was returned for Westmin- ster without solicitation, but the death of his wife and other sorrows deranged his mind, and led him to commit suicide. His autobi- ography was published in 1840, in 3 vols. II. John, baron, an English jurist, son of the pre- ceding, born in London in 1802, died there, Dec. 23, 1874. He graduated at Trinity col- lege, Cambridge, in 1*826, and was called to the bar at Gray's Inn in 1824. He was a member of parliament for Bridport, as a sup- porter of Lord Grey's administration, from 1832 to 1835, and for a short time in 1846-'7, and for Devonport in 1847-'52. He was soli- citor general from 1848 to 1850, when he was knighted, attorney general in 1850-'51, and master of the rolls from 1851 to 1872. He was raised to the peerage in 1866 as Baron Romilly of Barry, in the county of Glamorgan. ROMNKV, George, an English painter, born at Furnoss, Lancashire, Dec. 15, 1734, died at Ken- dal, Nov. 15, 1802. At the age of 28 he began painting at York, in 1762 established himself in London, and in 1763 obtained the second premium of 50 guineas, offered by the soci- ety of artists, by a picture of the "Death of Gen. Wolfe." In 1773 he went to Italy, and studied the works of Michel Angelo and Ra- phael. After his return in 1775 he was a popular painter of portraits. He did not be- long to the royal academy, and sent no pic- tures to its exhibitions; moreover there was an ill feeling and rivalry between himself and its president, Sir Joshua Reynolds. In 1756 he had contracted marriage with a young wo- man at Kendal, but on going to London he left her with two children, and during his prosper- ity never called her to share his fortune, and even concealed the fact of his marriage. But when his health declined in 1799 he went to live with her, becoming imbecile a year later. ROMULUS, the legendary founder of Rome. Amulius, the younger son of Procas, king of Alba Longa, after the death of his father seized on the throne rightfully belonging to his bro- ther Numitor, and made the daughter of the latter, Rhea Silvia, a vestal virgin. By the god Mars she had two children, who as soon as they were born were ordered by Amulius to be thrown into the Tiber. The river had over- flowed, and the basket in which the boys Rom- ulus and Remus were placed was carried to the foot of the Palatine hill, and left on dry land. A she wolf carried them to her cave, and suckled them; and they were found by Faustulus, the king's herdsman, who took them home, and brought them up with his own sons. When they had grown up, the herds- men of the Palatine hill had a quarrel with the herdsmen of Numitor, in which Remus was taken prisoner, and the expedition of Romulus to deliver his brother resulted in the discovery of their birth, the killing of Amulius, and the elevation of Numitor to his rightful author- ity. The two brothers determined to build a city on the Palatine, and to decide which one should give it his name they resorted to au- gury. First six vultures appeared to Remus, and then twelve to Romulus. A dispute ari- sing, Romulus came off victor, and began build- ing the city (about 758 B. C.). Remus leaped over the rampart, saying, " Shall such defences as these keep your city ? " and was instantly slain by his brother. Romulus opened a place of refuge, and thither many fled from the coun- tries round about ; but the neighboring people would not give them their daughters in mar- riage. Hereupon Romulus announced the cel- ebration of games in honor of Neptune, which were largely attended by the men of the neigh- boring cities with their families, especially Sabines ; while they were looking upon the sports, the Roman youth rushed out and car- ried off the women to be their wives. In con- sequence a war arose, first with the people of Cffinina, then with the people of Crustumerium and Antemnffl, in both of which the Romans were successful; and lastly with the Sabines, who came with a great army under their king Titus Tatius. Through the treason of Tarpeia, the Sabines got possession of the fortress on the hill Saturnius, and a battle ensued in the val- ley at the foot of the hill. While it was raging fiercely, the women who had been carried off ran down from the Palatine, threw themselves between their husbands and their fathers and
