526 SAINT-BRIEUC SAINT CHRISTOPHER collections. The route over the Pennine Alps by the Great St. Bernard was traversed by Roman armies, by armies under Charlemagne and Frederick Barbarossa, and in May, 1800, by a French army under Napoleon. A wagon road from Martigny to Liddes was completed in 1850. II. Little, a mountain of the Gruian Alps, S. of Mont Blanc, on the frontier of Sa- voy, about 7,200 ft. high. It has a compara- tively easy pass leading from the valley of the Isere into that of the Dora Baltea, which is believed to have been traversed by Hannibal in his descent into Italy. At a height of 7,076 ft. above the level of the sea is another con- vent founded by S^. Bernard of Menthon for the relief of travellers. SAIYF-BRIEl (', a town of Brittany, France, capital of the department of C6tes-du-Nord, on the Gouet, 2| m. from its mouth in the bay of St. Brieuc, 233 m. W. by S. of Paris ; pop. in 1872, 15,253. It has a school of hydrogra- phy, a cathedral of the 13th century, and a statue of Du Guesclin. It is largely engaged in the whale and cod fisheries, and has an active trade in butter and cider. The port, called Legue is 2 in. down the stream. SAINT ('ATHARl.VES, a town, port of entry, and the capital of Lincoln co., Ontario, Canada, on the Welland canal and the Great Western and Welland railways, 35 m. S. of Toronto; pop. in 1861, 6,284 ; in 1871, 7,864. It is cele- brated for its mineral springs, and is the centre of a large and rapidly increasing business. It contains five or six large flouring mills, several saw and pinning mills, founderies and machine shops, a sewing machine factory, soap and candle factories, tanneries, woollen mills, brew- eries, ship yards, &c. There are three branch banks, excellent hotels, a hospital, grammar pchool, commercial college, three daily and three weekly newspapers, a convent, and churches of seven denominations. The value of imports for the year ending June 80, 1874, was $1,066,589; of exports, $34,803. MINT CHARLES. I. A S. . parish of Loui- siana, bounded N. by Lake Pontchartrain, and intersected by the Mississippi river ; area, about 840 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 4,867, of whom 8,963 were colored. There are several lakes and bayous on its borders ; the surface is generally level and the soil fertile in the higher parts. It is intersected by Morgan's Louisiana and Texas railroad, and the New Orleans, Mobile, and Texas railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 129,564 bushels of Indian corn, 32,- 767 of sweet potatoes, 2,288,200 Ibs. of rice, 207 bales of cotton, 3,914 hogsheads of sugar, and 247,120 gallons of molasses. There were 527 horses, 1,287 mules and asses, 268 sheep, and 505 swine; and 21 molasses and sugar es- tablishments. Capital, St. Charles. II. An E. county of Missouri, bounded N. and N. E. by the Mississippi river and S. E. by the Missouri, and drained by Cuivre river and several creeks ; area, about 480 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 21,304, of whom 1,922 were colored. The surface is varied, occupied in part by a range of high- lands, and the soil fertile. There are extensive coal mines. It is traversed by the St. Louis, Kansas City, and Northern railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 760,980 bushels of wheat, 968,161 of Indian corn, 278,235 of oats, 16,143 of barley, 97,623 of potatoes, 6,382 tons of hay, 146,754 Ibs. of tobacco, 41,008 of wool, 158,268 of butter, and 5,704 gallons of sor- ghum molasses. There were 5,788 horses, 1,815 mules and asses, 4,863 milch cows, 7,146 other cattle, 10,527 sheep, and 81, 393 swine; 6 man- ufactories of brick, 18 of carriages and wagons, 2 of furniture, 1 woollen mill, and 9 flour mills. Capital, St. Charles. SAINT CHARLES, a city and the county seat of St. Charles co., Missouri, on the left or N. bank of the Missouri river, and on the St. Louis, Kansas City, and Northern railroad, 22 m. N. W. of St. Louis; pop. in 1850, 1,498; in 1860, 8,239; in 1870, 5,570, of whom 434 were colored ; in 1875, about 7,500. The river is here crossed by a magnificent iron bridge for railroad and ordinary travel, completed in 1871 at a cost of $1,750,000. There are seven river spans, and the entire length, in- cluding the viaduct approaches, is 6,535 ft. The city is lighted with gas and lias a good fire department. The trade is considerable, and the manufactures are of some importance, the principal establishments being a foundery and machine shop, six flouring mills, two woollen mills, a furniture factory, a car factory, a starch factory, two tobacco factories, a broom factory, a plough factory, and five cooper shops. There are a national bank, two savings banks, a mu- tual fire insurance company, and a pork-packing establishment. Besides three public schools and several parochial schools of different de- nominations, the principal educational institu- tions are St. Charles college, the Lindenwood female college, and the convent of the Sacred Heart (female). St. Charles college was organ- ized in 1836 and chartered in 1838, and is under the control of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. It was closed during the civil war, but has since been maintained as a high school. Four weekly newspapers (two German) and a monthly periodical are published. There are 1 1 churches, viz. : Baptist, Episcopal, Evan- gelical Protestant, German Evangelical, Ger- man Evangelical Lutheran, German Methodist, Methodist Episcopal, South, Presbyterian (2), and Roman Catholic (2). -St. Charles is one of the oldest settlements in Missouri, a post having been established here under Spanish authority by Louis Blanchette in 1769. It was incorpo- rated as a town in 1809 and as a city in 1849. SAINT CHRISTOPHER, an island of the Brit- ish West Indies, often called St. Kitt's, in the Leeward group, separated from Nevis on the southeast by a strait 2 m. wide ; length 23 m., breadth of its main body nearly 5 -m.; area, 67 sq. m.; pop. in 1871, 24,440. A range of mountains traverses the island from S. E. to N. W. ; the highest is Mt. Misery, over 4,000
