SALINE SALIVARY GLANDS 565 as court chapelmaster and director of the thea- tre there. Here he became so intimate with Gluck as to compose for him an opera, pro- duced in Paris, entitled Lea Dana'idea, the real authorship of which Gluck did not announce till it had been performed several times. Sa- lieri wrote 43 operas, and various composi- tions for instruments and for the church, in- cluding his Passione di Qezil Cristo, five mass- es, and a requiem. SALINE, a river of Arkansas, rising in the N. part of Saline co., and flowing S. E., S., and S. W. into the Washita river. Its length is about 200 m. It is navigable at high water by boats of considerable size 70 or 80 m. from its mouth. It has a number of small tributaries. SALINE, the name of five counties in the United States. I. A central county of Arkan- sas, drained by Saline river; area, about 800 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 3,911, of whom 185 were colored. The surface is level in the S. part and hilly elsewhere, and the soil is productive. Marble, quartz, and soapstone are found in large quantities. The chief productions in 1870 were 10,890 bushels of wheat, 186,040 of Indian corn, 15,899 of sweet and 5,874 of Irish potatoes, 69,292 Ibs. of butter, 11,457 of honey, 3,816 of tobacco, 3,438 of wool, and 603 bales of cotton. There were 779 horses, 259 mules and asses, 1,518 milch cows, 2,350 other cattle, 2,049 sheep, and 11,221 swine. Capital, Benton. II. A S. E. county of Illi- nois; area, 370 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 12,714. The surface is generally level and well tim- bered, and the soil is fertile. It is traversed by the Cairo and Vincennes railroad and a branch of the St. Louis and Southeastern. The chief productions in 1870 were 83,211 bushels of wheat, 531,516 of Indian corn, 69,793 of oats, 24,247 of Irish and 11,600 of sweet potatoes, 8,149 tons of hay, 1,155,941 Ibs. of tobacco, 29,274 of wool, 198,462 of butter, and 23,252 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 3,467 horses, 1,109 mules and asses, 2,888 milch cows, 4,542 other cattle, 15,018 sheep, and 20,576 swine. Capital, Harrisburg. III. A central county of Missouri, bounded N. and E. by the Missouri river, and intersected by the Black and Salt forks of La Mine river ; area, 750 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 21,672, of whom 3,754 were colored. The surface is mostly prairie and the soil fertile. Bitumi- nous coal, lead, limestone, and sandstone are found; and there are numerous salt springs. The chief productions in 1870 were 396,645 bushels of wheat, 2,106,043 of Indian corn, 323,806 of oats, 80,670 of potatoes, 10,424 tons of hay, 215,475 Ibs. of tobacco, 47,018 of wool, 339,108 of butter, 28,528 of honey, and 10,566 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 8,083 horses, 3,279 mules and asses, 7,171 milch cows, 14,202 other cattle, 16,310 sheep, and 46,231 swine; 10 flour mills, and 10 saw mills. Capital, Marshall. IV. A central coun- ty of Kansas, intersected by the Saline and Smoky Hill rivers ; area, 720 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 4,246. It is traversed by the Kansas Pacific railroad. The soil is fertile. Timber grows along the streams, and there are salt springs. The chief productions in 1870 were 67,586 bushels of wheat, 225,048 of Indian corn, 20,931 of oats, 30,220 of potatoes, 40,331 Ibs. of butter, and 10,862 tons of hay. There were 1,425 horses, 1,867 milch cows, 3,824 other cattle, and 1,392 swine. Capital, Salina. V. A S. E. county of Nebraska, intersected by Big Blue river and watered by its affluents; area, 576 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 3,106. It is intersected by the Burlington and Missouri Eiver railroad and the Beatrice branch. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. The chief productions in 1870 were 19,061 bushels of wheat, 33,670 of Indian corn, 5,809 of po- tatoes, 11,885 Ibs. of butter, and 1,051 tons of hay. There were 340 horses, 257 milch cows, 414 other cattle, 696 sheep, and 384 swine. Capital, Pleasant Hill. SALISBURY, or New Saram, a city of Eng- land, capital of Wiltshire, at the junction of the Avon, Wily, and Bourne rivers, 78 m. W. S. W. of London ; pop. in 1871, 12,903. The cathedral was built between 1220 and 1260, by the bishop and canons of Old Sarum, 2 m. N., which place was in consequence deserted by its inhabitants for the new site. Since 1868 the exterior and interior have been completely restored. The principal manufacture is cut- lery. The woollen manufacture, once famous, has become extinct. SALISBURY. I. Robert Ceeil, earl of. See CECIL. II. Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne Cecil, third marquis and eighth earl of, an English statesman, born Feb. 13, 1830. He was edu- cated at Eton and Oxford, and from 1853 to 1868 was member of parliament for Stamford, being at first called Lord Robert Cecil, and after the death of his elder brother in 1865 Viscount Cranborne. In 1866-'7 he was sec- retary of state and president of the council for India. He succeeded to the peerage April 12, 1868. On the death of the earl of Derby, Oct. 23, 1869, Salisbury succeeded him as chancel- lor of the university of Oxford. In Febru- ary, 1874, he became a member of Disraeli's administration as secretary of state for India. He is one of the most influential representa- tives of the tory party. SALIVA. See DIGESTION, and SALIVARY GLANDS. SALIVARY GLANDS, those glands which se- crete the saliva, the principal of which are the parotid, the submaxillary, and the sublin- gual, disposed in pairs. The parotid, the lar- gest gland, weighing from half an ounce to an ounce, is immediately below and in front of the ear and the zygomatic arch, reaching down as low as the angle of the lower jaw. Its outer surface, slightly lobulated, is covered by the skin and fascia, and its inner surface extends deeply into the neck by two processes, one of which dips behind the styloid process and be- neath the mastoid process of the temporal bone
