SPALATO SPALDING 225 mountainous parts of which near Malaga, ow- ing to exceptional climatic advantages, produce not less than three crops of grapes annually. The first is used exclusively for raisins, while the second yields dry wines and the third sweet wines. The most noted of the latter are rich and of a dark amber color, imparted by the ad- dition of boiled must intentionally burned in the boiling. They are said to keep for more than a century, with the aid doubtless of added spirit, but with age lose much of their sweetness. To- ledo and La Mancha produce some excellent red /ines, .those of the latter district being dis- inguished by ample body and a peculiar sub- itter flavor. The muscat of Juencaral near idrid is one of the brightest colored and most ible wines of Spain. Murcia, Valencia, id Catalonia, which border on the Mediterra- lean, produce immense quantities of deep-col- >red, full-bodied wines. Those of Murcia are >arse, rough, and inferior, while those of cer- districts of Valencia, notably Alicante and jnicarlo, have considerable reputation. The >wer grades of Valencia wines are perishable iless reenforced with alcohol, and are largely iployed in making imitation port or in mix- with genuine port wine. Many thousands butts of spirits are also distilled from them. ?he Alicante wines, produced from the grape >f that name, are sweet, strong, luscious, and ften of an almost sirupy consistence. Like ther wines of their class, they have to be )randied in order to keep any length of time, hose of Benicarlo are sweet and heady, and in considerable demand for mixing with the red wines of southern France. The Cata- m wines are numerous and of many varieties of flavor, the greater part being cheap and of ledium quality. The red kinds predominate, id it is asserted that those of the deepest tint, lied in England " Spanish reds," derive their color from a liberal admixture of elderberry lice. They require brandying, and are exten- ively used for building up the poorer growths Bordeaux. Much of the cheap claret used England and America is largely impregnated rith Spanish Mediterranean wines. In Ara- )n, Valladolid, Biscay, Navarre, Asturias, and Isewhere are produced red and white wines fair quality, but mostly of local reputa- lon. Of late years attempts have been made naturalize the choice wanes of Medoc and irgundy in northern Spain, in the hope of )btaining wine equal to the products of those 'istricts ; but the results have, as a rule, been IT from satisfactory. The Balearic islands deld considerable quantities of wine, chiefly luscats and malmseys ; while the Canaries, 'here was made the famous vino secco or sack Shakespeare's time, have almost ceased to >e a wine-growing country. SPALATO, or Spalatro (anc. Spalatum or Spo- latum), a town of Dalmatia, Austria, on a bay of the Adriatic formed by islands, 74 m. S. E. of Zara; pop. in 1870, 15,784. It has been ately much improved and provided with piers and quays. The archbishop of Spalato is pri- mate of Dalmatia and Croatia. It contains a cathedral (anciently a temple of Jupiter) and other churches, an episcopal palace and semi- nary, a nautical and other schools, and a mu- seum for Koman antiquities, which abound here. The harbor is spacious, and the trade is especially active with Turkey. Spalato be- longed for several centuries to Venice, during the Napoleonic era to France, and since 1815 to Austria. Three miles E. N. E. of Spalato is the village of Salona, which preserves the name of the ancient capital of Dalmatia. Ancient Salona was an extensive city, and a bulwark of the Romans against the Goths and other barbarians. Some of its buildings and many ruins remain. The emperor Diocletian, who was born near it, resided there during his re- tirement. A portion of Spalato is on the site of his immense palace, built in 303, and occu- pying about eight acres, in which the people of Salona took refuge on the destruction of their city by the barbarians; and the name Spalatum is a corruption of Salonm Palatium. SPALDOfG, a W. county of Georgia, bound- ed "W. by Flint river; area, about 190 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 10,205, of whom 4,878 were col- ored. The surface is slightly undulating and the soil fertile. It is traversed by the Macon and Western and the Savannah, Griffin, and North Alabama railroads. The chief produc- tions in 1870 were 18,634 bushels of wheat, 125,984 of Indian corn, 17,164 of oats, and 3,630 bales of cotton. There were 460 horses, 728 mules and asses, 1,169 milch cows, 1,554 other cattle, 1,521 sheep, and 4,256 swine. Capital, Griflin. SPALDDfG, Lyman, an American physician, born in Cornish, N. H., June 5, 1775, died in Portsmouth, N. H., Oct. 31, 1821. He grad- uated at Harvard college in 1797, assisted Prof. Nathan Smith in establishing the medi- cal school ,t Dartmouth college, delivered the first course of lectures on ckemistry in that institution, and published "A New No- menclature of Chemistry, proposed by Messrs. De Morveau, Lavoisier, Berthollet, and Four- croy, with Additions and Improvements" (1799). He entered upon the practice of medicine at Portsmouth in 1799. In 1812 he was elected president and professor of anatomy and surgery in the college of phy- sicians and surgeons at Fairfield, Herkimer co., N. Y., and in 1813 he removed to the city of New York. He originated the plan for the formation of the " Pharmacopoeia of the United States," the first edition of which was published in 1820, under the supervision of delegates from all the medical schools and so- cieties. Dr. Spalding published "Reflections on Fever, and particularly on the Inflamma- tory Character of Fever " (1817) ; " Reflections on Yellow Fever Periods" (1819); and "A History of the Introduction and Use of Scutel- laria Lateriflora as a Remedy for preventing and curing Hydrophobia" (1819).
