CLEAVELAND
CLEBORNE
of sappers and miners, U.S.A., resigning his
commission a few j'ears later to resume tlie jarac-
tice of law. He served repeatedlj^ in the Con-
necticut legislature, taking a prominent part in
public affairs. In 1794 he was married to Esther,
daughter of Henry Champion. He was made
brigadier-general of militia in 1796. Connecticut
owned 3,800,000 acres of land in Ohio, known as
the Western Reserve, and in 1792 donated 5000
acres of the land to the citizens who had been
sufferers from fire during the Revolution. The
remainder of the reserve was sold by the state in
179.), for $1,200,000, to the "Connecticut land com-
pany." Of this company Moses Cleaveland was a
director, and in 1796 was appointed superintend-
ent and agent, and with a party of about fifty
pioneers, left Connecticut to possess the land.
On July 4 of that year they landed at the mouth
of the Conneaut creek, and in honor of the day
christened the place " Port Independence."' On
July 22, with a few of his staff. General Cleave-
land entered the mouth of the Cuyahoga river,
where the beauty of the elevated plain suggested
to him that the locality was destined to become
a great city, and he directed it to be surveyed
into city lots. The surveys were completed in
October, 1796, and the men named the place
" Cleaveland. " In 1796 the resident population
was four; in 1797, fifteen; in 1800, seven; in 1820,
150 ; and in 1830, at the taking of the first census,
it had reached 1075. In that year the first news-
paper was established, called the Cleaveland Ad-
vertiser, and the editor, finding the heading too
long to fit the form, dropped out the fir.st "a."
The change in orthography was generally ac-
cepted. General Cleaveland died at Canterbury,
Conn., Nov. 16, 1806.
CLEAVELAND, Nehemiah, educator, was born in Topsfield, Mass., Aug. 16, 1796; son of Dr. Nehemiah, and grandson of the Rev. John and Mary (Dodge) Cleaveland. He was gradu- ated from Bowdoin in 1813 and studied for one year at Andover theological seminary. He was a teacher at Topsfield, Mass., and at Gorham, Maine, 1814-16; and in Portland, Maine, 1816-17. From 1817 to 1820 he was a tutor at Bowdoin college, and from 1821 to 1840 was principal of Dummer academy at Byfield, Mass. For a short time he held the chair of Greek at Philliijs Exeter academy, removing to Lowell in 1841 to become principal of the high school. He was principal of a young ladies' school in Brooklyn, N.Y., 1842-50, retiring to private life in the latter j^ear. After 1850 he resided in New York, Topsfield, Mass., and Westport, Conn. He received the degree of LL.D. from Bowdoin college in 1869. He is the author of an unfinished volume entitled History of Bowdoin College, icith Biographical Sketches of its Graduates, completed by A. S.
Packard and publi-shed in 1882. He died in
Westport, Conn., April 17, 1877.
CLEAVELAND, Parker, educator, was born at Rowley, Mass., Jan. 15, 1780; son of Dr. Parker and Elizabeth (Jackman) Cleaveland; and grandson of the Rev. John and Mary (Dodge) Cleaveland. His father was a surgeon in the Revolutionary army. The son was graduated at Harvard in 1799; studied law at Haverhill, Mass., and at York, Maine, 1799-1803; and from 1803 to 1805 was tutor at Harvard. He was profes.sor of mathematics, chemistry, mineralogy and natural philosophy at Bowdoin college, 1805-25. In 1825 he relinquished the chair of mathematics to devote his entire attention to the other sciences. He was married Sept. 9, 1806, to Martha, daughter of Levi and Martha (Ball) Bush of Boston. He was elected a member of the American academy of arts and sciences, 1809 ; of the American philo- sophical society, 1818; and an honorary member of numerous learned societies of Europe. He received the degree of A.M. from Harvard in 1802; that of M.D. from Dartmouth in 1823; and that of LL.D. from Bowdoin in 1824. He pub- lished Mineralogy and Geology (1816; 3d ed., 1856), He died at Brunswick, Maine, Oct. 15, 1858.
CLEAVES, Henry Bradstreet, governor of Maine, was born at Brighton, Maine, Feb. 6, 1840; son of Thomas and Sophia (Bradstreet) Cleaves; and grandson of Benjamin Cleaves. He was educated iti the public schools and at Brighton acad- emy. In 1862 he en- listed as a private in the 23d Maine volun- teers, serving at Poolesville and Har- per's Ferry, on the Potomac, and gain- ing promotion to the rank of orderly ser- geant. At the ex- piration of his term of service he re-en- listed for three years, and served as 1st lieutenant until the close of the war. He was admitted to the bar in 1868, and practised in partnership with his brotlier, Judge Nathan Cleaves of Portland, Maine. In 1876 and 1877 he was a member of the state legislature, and in 1877-79 served as city solicitor of Portland. In 1880 lie was elected attorney general of the state and was twice re-elected. He was elected gov- ernor of Maine in 1892 and was re-elected in 1894, his term of office expiring in January, 1897.
CLEBORNE, Christopher James, naval offi- cer, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Dec. 16,
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