BUCKINGHAM.
BUCKLAND.
charter granting the privilege of constructing
the Fourth avenue improvements. Mr. Buck-
houfs plans for the construction of tlie under-
ground railroad, for which Mr. Vanderbilt
obtained a charter, were pronounced the most
practicable of those submitted, as were also his
plans for a similar road in Brooklyn, N. Y. He
died at White Plains, N. Y., Sept. 27, 1874.
BUCKINGHAM, Catharinus Putnam, was born at Springfield, Ohio, March 14, 1808. After his graduation at the United States military academy in 1829, he served for one j^ear on topo- graphical duty, and for another on pedagogical duty at the militarj" academj^ when he resigned from the service. From 1833 to 1836 he was pro- fessor of mathematics and natural philosophy in Kenyon college. Gambler, Ohio, and he then became engaged in manufacturing pursuits, ac- quiring a business interest in the Kokosing iron works at Mt. Vernon, Ohio. Upon the outbreak of the civil war he entered the service as assist- ant adjutant-general of Ohio, Maj^ 3, 1861, becoming commissary-general on 'May 8, and adjutant-general with the rank of brigadier- general in July of the same year. He was detailed to special duty in the war department at Washington, D. C, from July, 1862, to Febru- ary, 1863, when he resigned his commission, and removing to New York engaged in mercantile pursuits. He built the Illinois central railroad company's grain elevator, 1868-'73, and in 1873 becanae i^resident of the Chicago steel works. He died in Chicago, III., Aug. 30, 1888.
BUCKINGHAM, Joseph Tinker, journalist, was born at Windham, Conn., Dec. 21, 1779. At the age of sixteen he obtained employment as a printer in New Hampshire, and afterwards in Greenfield, Mass. He moved to Boston in 1800, where he embarked in publishing on his own ac- count. In 1824 he established the Boston Courier, a daily journal, which he edited until June, 1848. In July, 1831, he issued, in connec- tion with his son Edwin, the first number of the New England Magazine, which was for a time successful, and had among its writers some of tlie most popular authors of the daj^ ; a part of The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table first fippear- ing in its pages. On the death of his son, wl»o was associate editor, he discontinued the mag- azine in 18.34. He was president of the Mas- sacliusetts charitable mechanics, of the Bun- ker Hill monument and of the Middlesex agricultural associations. He published Sjieci- ■mens of Neiospaxjer Literature, with Personal Memoirs, Anecdotes atid Reminiscences (18.")0) ; Personal Memoirs and Recollections of Edi- torial Life (1852), Annals of the Massachuselts Charitable Mechanics' Association (1853). He died in Cambridge, Mass., April 11, 1861.
BUCKINGHAM, Samuel Giles, clergyman, was born in Lebanon, Conn. , Nov 18, 1812. He was graduated at Yale in 1833, and at Yale divin- ity school in 1837. He was ordained a Congre- gational minister and was pastor of the church at Millbury, Mass., 1837-'47. In 1847 he accepted a call to the South church, Springfield, Mass., and upon his resignation in 1894, after a pastorate of forty-seven years, he was elected pastor emeritus. Dr. Buckingham was an important factor in the cause of religion and education in the western part of Massachusetts. He received the hono- rary degree of D.D. from Yale in 1868. He died at Springfield, Mass., July 12, 1898.
BUCKINGHAM, William Alfred, governor of Connecticut, was born at Lebanon, Conn., May 28, 1804. His early education was acquired in the public schools of Lebanon, and during his eighteenth year he taught school. From 1823 to 1827 he was employed as a clerk in a store at Norwich, Conn., entering business on his oAvn accomit in the latter j-ear. He was elected mayor of Norwich in 1849, was re-elected the following year, and held the same office during 1856 and 1857. In 1858 he became governor of Connecti- cut, and was successively re-elected until 1866. During the civil war he rendered signal service, sending out from Connecticut without draft more than fift}' thousand men, an exceedingly large number in proportion to the population of the state. At the end of his eighth term as governor he declined a i-e-nomination, and in 1868 he was elected a U. S. senator, serving as the chairman of the committee on Indian affairs and as a mem- ber of the committee on commerce. He was public spirited and philanthropic, giving liberally to schools and colleges and to charitable institu- tions. He gave twentj^-five thovisand dollars to the theological department of Yale college, of which institution his ancestor, the Rev. Thomas Buckingham, was one of the founders. In 1868 he was prominently mentioned before the Ee- publican national convention as candidate for the vice-presidencj'-. On June 18, 1884, Olin L. Warner's bronze statue of Governor Bucking- ham was unveiled at the state house in Hartford, Conn. He died at Norwich, Conn., Feb. 3, 1875.
BUCKLAND, Cyrus, inventor, was born in Manchester, Conn., Aug. 10, 1799. In 1828 he was employed at the national ai'mory at Spring- field, Mass., as a pattern-maker, and to his inven- tive and executive ability are due manj- of the effective improvements in nrms, adopted by the national government. He devised a machine which made possible the interchange of parts in small arms, and also machines for turning the upper barrels of muskets, for finishing the cone, for milling screws, for boring and turning gun V)arrels, and for rifling muskets. He invented a
