JACKSON
JACKSON
30th General Lee assumed command, while
Jackson had the right wing and Longstreet the
left. The battle was delayed by the Federals
until late in the afternoon and continued till
10 P.M., the Federals retreating to the heights
of Center ville. On September 1, Jackson was
ordered to turn their position, and if possible
compel them to retreat without an engagement,
and on perceiving the movement the Federals
retired to Fairfax Court House, where they found
Jackson ready to attack them. The engagement
at Ox Hill then resulted and the Federal troops
once more retired toward Washington and took
refuge in the strong fortifications around the
city. Lee did not follow up liis advantage, but
soon after determined on his invasion of the
northern states. Jackson's command crossed the
Potomac at "White's Ford, Sept. 5, 1862 ; on the
6th entered Frederick, Md., and on the 10th he
marched through Middletown, Boonsboro and
Williamsport en route to Harper's Ferry. On the
12th Jackson's army reached Martinsburg, taking
position before Harper's Ferry on Sept. 13, 1862,
and planted battalions on the heights surrounding
the city on which they opened a vigorous can-
nonade. On thel5th the place surrendered, and
11,000 men, 60 pieces of artillery, 13,000 stands
of small arms, and a vast quantity of stores
were in the possession of the victorious Con-
federates. Jackson did not wait to arrange the
details of the surrender, leaving that duty to Gen.
A. P. Hill, and he hastened with his army to
Sharpsburg to join General Lee in order to meet
the advance of McClellan's army. Jackson
reached the field of battle September 16, and the
next day fought one of the most desperate en-
gagements of the war, where his masterly pro-
vision for retreat enabled the entire Confederate
force to re-cross the Potomac, and he was the last
to retire after seeing every man and gun safely on
Virginia soil. On Oct. 11, 1862, he was promoted
to the rank of lieutenant-general. General Lee
concentrated his whole force on the Rappahan-
nock, fearing for the safety of Riclimond, and
General Jackson was ordered from Winchester to
his support, pending a threatened attack upon
Fredericksburg, which city they entered, Dec. 12,
1862, and on the 13th General Jackson, in his
lieutenant-general's uniform, rode the line of his
army to the summit of a hill where General Lee
was watching the artillery fire from the Federal
line which led to a general engagement, lasting
all day. On Sunday, December 14, the Federals
failed to advance, and on the 15th, with a flag of
truce, they requested permission to bury their
dead and care for their wounded, and under the
cover of the night they retired their entire army
to the other side of the river. In the battle of
Fredericksburg, Burnside's loss was 12,000 killed
and wounded and about 1000 prisoners, and Lee's
loss was 4200 killed and wounded, of which num-
ber 2900 were of Jackson's corps. This battle
ended the campaign of 1862. On April 20, 1863,
he was visited in camp at Guiney's Station, Va.,
by his wife and daughter Julia, born Nov. 23, 1862,
and on April 23 they had the child baptized by
his chaplain, the Rev. IMr. Lacy, General Lee
being present. On April 29, 1863, upon being in-
formed of General Hooker's advance, he placed
his corps under arms and marched toward Chan-
cellorsville to meet the enemy, and on the morn-
ing of May 1 he began his masterly flank move-
ment, which the Federals interpreted to be a
retreat toward Richmond, but which brought liis
corps six miles west of Cliancellorsville and
placed Hooker's army between him and the ai'my
of General Lee. He formed his corps in three
parallel lines, and silently and in the darkness
they made their way through the wilderness till
they gained the Federal pickets, when he opened
a volley from his line of battle, and jjressing on,
crushed Howard's corps to a hopeless rout. They
charged the Federal works with a yell and pur-
sued the disheartened 11th corps toward Chancel-
lorsville over a field strewn with arms, knapsacks
and accoutrements of the fugitives, and in the
darkness, companies, regiments and brigades
were undistinguishable and moved forward in a
confused mass. The first and second lines of
battle became hopelessly mixed, and Rodes sent
to Jackson to send forward the third line (A. P.
Hill's division) that the others could be reformed.
In the execution of this movement a lull in the
storm of battle occurred, and when Jackson paused
in his pursuit Hooker tried to stop his demor-
alized troops and reform a line of battle. In the
midst of this confusion, in which Jackson was con-
stantly calling on his men to restore order and
"get into line," he found that Hoolver was ad-
vancing with fresh troops, being pressed in front
by Lee. At this jwint Hooker turned upon
Jackson in his rear, iioping to recapture the lost
barricfi«c. Jackson, with a i:»art of his staff, ad-
vanced in the direction of the advancing Federal
troops, when a volley from his right front ar-
rested them, the musket balls wounding several
of their horses. On being told not to expose him-
self, he replied, " There is no danger — the enemy
is routed. Go back and tell Hill to press on." In
order to screen himself from the flying bullets, he
rode with his Staff into the thicket to the left and
rear and soon came in front of his own line of
battle. His men, mistaking the officers for the
enemy, opened fire, and from this volley Jackson
received his mortal wounds, while several of his
escort were killed or wounded. He was helped
from "Little Sorrel" by Captain Wilbourne, his
signal officer, and Lieutenant Morrison ran in the
