OSSOLI
OSTERHAUS
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fifteen was proficient in Latin. Greek, Frencli and
Italian. She removed to Gioton, Mass., in 1833
and upon the deatli of Jier father in 1835, taught
school in Boston, Mass., and Providence, R.I., in
order to support the
younger children of
the family. She re-
moved to Jamaica
Plain, Mass.. in 1839 ;
was a fre(iiient visitor
at Brook Farm and
there met the famous
patrons of that cele-
brated colony, being
recognized as the in-
spiration of Haw-
thorne's "Zenobia"
in his " Blithedale Ro-
mance."' She formed
a club of the brigiit-
est and most distin-
guished women in Boston and edited the Dila, a
philosophical journal. In December, 1844, she re-
moved to New York city and assumed the position
of literary critic and philanthropic and artistic
reporter on the Tribune, and became a member
of the houseiiold of Horace Greely. In August,
1846, she sailed for Europe and after an extended
tour in which she met the foremost leaders in
philanthropic, literary and reform movements,
settled in Rome, Italy, in 1847. While there she
was married in December, 1847, to Giovanni
Angelo, Marquis Ossoli. During the siege of
Rome, at the request of Mazzini, she was in
charge of the Hospital of the Trinity to the
Pilgrims and contributed much to the care of the
woundfd ; but upon the possession of the city by
the French in June, 1849, she took refuge with
her husband in Rieti, Italy, where her child had
been placed for safety. After a few months the
family retui-ned to Florence and set sail from
Leghorn, on tiie merchant ship Elizabeth bound
for America. While off Fire Island, N.Y., the
vessel was wrecked during a severe storm and the
tliree were drowned. The body of the child, the
only one recovered, was taken to Boston and buried
at Mt. Auburn cemetery by the New England
relatives. A memorial to Margaret Fuller, con-
sisting of a pavilion on the dunes overlooking
the sea at Point o' Woods, opposite the site of the
wreck, wjis unveiled on July 19, 1901, the 51st
anniversary of the disaster. The idea of its
erection originated with Mrs. Lillie Devereux
Blake and the necessfiry money was raised by
subscription. The interior of the pavilion con-
tains a bronze tablet giving the name of Margaret
Fuller and those of her husband and child,
togt-ther with the facts of the shipwreck, and
bearing an inscription by Mrs. Julia Ward Howe.
Margaret Fuller is the author of : Summer on the
Lakes (1843) ; Woman in the Nineteenth Century
(1844) ; Papers 071 Literature and Art (184G), of
which a new edition was prepared by her brother,
the Rev. Arthur B. Fuller (q.v.) (1855). The
MS. of her proposed History of the Roman
Republic was lost in the shipwreck. Her life
was written jointly by William Henry Clianning,
R. W. Emerson and James Freeman Clarke in
1852 ; Julia Ward Howe wrote a memoir in
Eminent Womeii series (1883), and Thomas Went-
worth Higginson in American Men of Letters
(1884). See also correspondence of Emerson and
Carljde, and Life of Mazzini. She died at sea off
Fire Island, Long Lslund, N,Y., July 19, 1850.
OSTERHAUS, Peter Joseph, soldier, was born in Cobleutz, Germany, Jan. 4, 1823. He emigra- ted to the United States and settled in Belleville, 111., in 1849. Upon the outbreak of the civil war he was commissioned major of a battalion of the 2d Missouri infantry and engaged in the battle of Wilson's Creek, Mo., Aug. 10, 18G1. He was pro- moted colonel of the 12th Missouri regiment. He commanded the 1st division of the corps under General Curtis at Pea Ridge, Ark., March 6-8, 1862, and one of the three divisions in the Army of the Southwest in May, 1862. He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, June 9, 1802, and commanded the 9th division, 13tli army corps. Army of the Tennessee, in the attack on Arkansas Post and in the Vicksburg campaign. May 1-July 4, 1863. On May 2, 1863, he was stationed on the left branch of the road to Port Gibson and was repulsed by the Confederate force opposed to him ; but later in the day he was joined by Gen. John E. Smith's brigade and made a successful attack. He commanded the 1st division, 15th army corps, of the army under Grant at Chatta- nooga, Nov. 23-25, 1863, and temporarily under General Hooker. At Lookout Creek he crossed the bridge, ascended the mountain, subsequently attacked the southern wing of the enemy on Missionary Ridge, making thousands of prisoners, and drove back the Confederate forces stationed at the summit. He commanded the 1st division, 15th army corps, in the Atlanta campaign, May 3 to Sept. 8, 1863, and during the absence of General Logan, the 15th army corps. Army of the Tennessee, Sept. 1, 1864, to January, 1865. He was chief of staff to Gen. E. R. S. Canby during the Mobile campaign and at the surrender of Gen. E. Kirby Smith's army, after which he com- manded the military district of Mississippi until Jan. 15,1866. He was appointed U. S. consul to France and resided at Lyons, 1866-77. He re- turned to New York city in 1877 and was engaged in manufacturing and exporting hardware for several years. He then removed to Mann- heim, Germany, where he continued the business.
