SMITH
SMITH
and assigned to the 2d artillery. He was com-
missioned 2d lieutenant, July 9, 1853, and served
on recruiting service at Fort Columbus, 1853.
Tiring of the inactive frontier life, he resigned
June 19, 1854, and went to Chicago, 111., where
he became assistant engineer, Illinois Central
railroad, and was in the United States service on
the public works at Chicago. He was principal
of the high school at Buffalo, N.Y., 1855-56;
civil engineer in Buffalo, 1857-58, making various
surveys on the northern lakes; engineer and
secretary of the Locomotive and Machine Man-
ufacturing company, Trenton, N.J., 1858-61, and
employed in sinking cylinders by the pneumatic
process for piers for a railway bridge across the
Savannah river, 1859-61. He was assistant
adjutant-general of volunteers, May-June, 1861;
promoted colonel, 13th Ohio volunteers, June 26,
1861, and served in the western Virginia cam-
paign, July, 1861, to January, 1862; was engaged
in the movement on Bowling Green and at
Nashville, Tenn., February, 1862; in charge of
railroads centering at Nashville, March-April,
1863; participated in the battle of Shiloh, April
7, 1862, and was promoted brigadier-general,
U.S. volunteers, April 15; and commanded the
2d division. Army of the Ohio, July-September,
1862; the 4th division, October, 1862, and the 1st
division, 16th army corps, in the Vicksburg cam-
paign, January-July, 1863. He was chief of
cavalry. Department of the Tennessee, July 20,
to Oct. 16, 1863, and of the military division of
Mississippi, to July 15, 1864, when he resigned on
account of illness and retired to his farm. Oak
Park, Cook county, near Chicago. He constructed
the Wangoshanee lighthouse, Straits of Mack-
inaw, in 1867, employing for the first time the
pneumatic caisson in sinking the foundations;
built the steel bridge across the Missouri river at
Glasgow, Mo., the first of its kind; was engineer
of the tunnel under the Hudson river at New
York city, and contractor for the* trial tunnel at
Port Huron, Mich. He made many improve-
ments in pneumatic sinking processes and in
methods of constructing high buildings, and was
engaged in much railway bridge work through-
out the United States and Canada. He was mar-
ried in 1884 to Josephine Hartwell. He was
elected a member of the American Society of
Civil Engineers; was president of the Civil En-
gineers' Club of the Northwest in 1880, and pub-
lished several professional reports.
SMITH, William Waugh, educator, was born in Warrenton, Va., March 12, 1845; son of Rich- ard M. and Ellen Harris (Blackwell) Smith, and grandson of Col. William Raleigh Smith. He re- moved with his parents to Alexandria, Va., where he attended Caleb Hallowell's school, engaged in journalism in 1861; served in the 49th, and
subsequently the 38th Virginia infantry. C.S.A.,
1862-65, being wounded at Seven Pines, May 31,^
1862, and at Gettysburg, July 3, 1803, wjiere he
was left on the field and finally exclianged. He
also took part in the campaign against Grant,
participating in the battle of the ^Yilderness
and in the struggle at the bloody angle at
Spottsylvania. He surrendered with Col. Mosby
at Winchester. After t!ie war he was asso-
ciated with his fatlier as publisher and editor of
the Richmond Enquirer, 1865-66; attended the
University of Virginia one term, and was grad-
uated from Randolph-Macon college, in which
his father was a professor, A.M.. 1871. He was
associated with his uncle, Albert Smith, at Bethel
academy, 1871-76, and senior principal of the acad-
emy, 1876-78. He was married, Jan. 26, 1875, to
Marion, daughter of Samuel and Nannie (Ficklen)
Howison, of Alexandria, Va. He was professor
in Randolph-Macon college, 1882-86; president of
the college, 1886-97, and in the latter year be-
came chancellor of the Ra,ndolph-Macon system
of colleges and academies. During his adminis-
tration he was influential in increasing the
endowment fund over $100,000, and also built and
endowed the Woman's college at Lynchburg,
and the preparatory academies at Bedford City
and Front Royal, Va. The honorary degree of
LL.D. was conferred upon him by Wesleyan uni-
versity in 1889. He was secretary of education
of the M.E. church, south, 1894; chairman of
the general conference committee on education,
1894 and 1898, and is the author of: Outlines of
Psychology (1881); A Comparative Chart of Syn-
tax of Latin, Greek, German, French arid English
(1884).
SMITH, Wilson George, musical critic and essayist, was born in Elyria, Ohio, Aug. 19, 1855; son of George Throop and Calista Maria (Wilson) Smith; grandson of Daniel S. and Mary (Foote) Smith, and of Pardon and Polly (Brownell) Wilson. He removed to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1868, where he attended the common schools; studied music under Otto Singer, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1875-80, and in Berlin under Kullak, Kiel, Scharwenka, Moszkowski and Oscar Raif , 1880- 82, returning in the latter year to Cleveland, Ohio, where he engaged as a teacher of piano, voice and composition. He was married, April 16, 1883, to Mez, daughter of Joseph and Lydia (Ward) Brett, of Geneva, Ohio. Mrs. Smith be- came known as a water-color artist, and was secretary of the Northern Ohio Woman's Press club from 1897-99. Mr. Smith was officially connected with the Music Teachers' National and State associations, and his compositions number opi 95, including; 15 books of piano studies, be- sides various transcriptions, many songs and editorial je visions of classic and modern works.