YOUMAXS
YOUNG
Constitution of Man (1853); The Congelation and
Consei-vation of Forces (1864), and The Culture
Demanded by 2Iodern Life (1868). He died iu
New York city, Jan. 18, 1887,
VOUMANS, Wiliam Jay, editor, was born in Saratoga, N.Y., Oct. 14, 1838; son of Vincent and Catherine (Scofield) Y'oumans. He worked on a farm and attended the district school until 1849, when he engaged in the study of cliemistry under his brother Edward, later taking si>ecial course in the Sheffield Scientific school, Yale uni- versity. He was graduated from the University of the City of New York, M.D., 1865; studied natural history under Thomas H. Huxley in Eng- land, and on his return to tiie United States, re- moved to Winona, Minn., where he established himself in the practice of medicine. He assisted his brother in establishing the Popidar Science Monthly in 1872, and succeeded him as editor in 1887. He was a fellow of the American Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science; and of the New York Academy of Science. He contributed articles on chemistry, metallurgy and physiology to Appleton's " Annual Cyclopedia "; edited Hux- ley's " Lessons on Elementary Physiology " and added a second part on "Elementary Hygiene," (1867). He died in Mount Vernon, N.Y., April 10, 1901.
YOUNG, Alexander, clergyman andauthor,was born in Boston, Mass., Sept. 22, 1800; son of Alexander Young who, with Samuel Etherege, founded the Massachusetts Chronicle (afterward known as the Neiv England Palladium), a Feder- alist newspaper. Alexander, Jr., was graduated from Harvard, A.B., 1820, A.M., 1823, B.D., 1824; taught in the Boston Latin school, 1824-25, and was pastor of the New South Unitarian church in Boston, 1825-54. His son, Alexander, 3d (1836-1891), Harvard, LL.B., 18'52, becamea well- known journalist, being editorially connected Avith the Boston Globe, Post, The Independent anH The Christian Union, and also with the New York Critic, and published "History of the Nether- lands" (1884), and magazine contributions under the pen-name of "Taverner." He left in man- uscript a work entitled " Old Boston." Alexander Y~oung. 2d, received the honorary degree of A.M. fromY^ork in 1823. and that of D.D. from Harvard in 184G, serving as an overseer of Harvard, 1837-53, and as secretary of the corporation, 1849-53. He was a member of the Massachusetts Historical ■society, serving as its corresponding secretarj^ 1849-54; edited " Library of Old English Prose Writers " (9 vols., 1831-34), and is the author of several biographical discourses, including those on Natlumiel Botcditch (1888); President John T. KirMand of Harvard (1840); Judge William Prescott (1844). He also wrote: Chronicles of the Pilgrim Fathers of the Colony of Plymouth
from 1602 to 1625 (1841), and Chronicles of the
First Playiters of the Colony of Massachnseits
Bay from 1623 to 1036 (1846). See: " Memoirs"
by the Rev. Chandler Robbins, D.D., in the
Collections of the Massachusetts Historical so-
ciety. He died in Boston, Mass., March 16, 1854.
YOUNG, Alfred, hymnologist, was born in Bristol, England, Jan. 21, 1831; son of Tliomas and Sarah Agnes (Stubbs) Young. He came with his parents to America at an early age; was graduated from the College of New Jersey (Princeton), A.B., 1848, and from the University of the City of New Y^ork, M.D., 1852; practised medicine, 1852-53, and having become a convert to Roman Catholicism in 1850, entered the Semi- nary of St. Sulpice in Paris. He was ordained priest in St. Patrick's cathedral, Newark, N.J., Aug. 24, 1856; was vice-president of Seton Hall college, South Orange, N. J., 1856-57; rector of the Roman Catholic church in Princeton, N.J., 1857-60, and of that at Trenton, N.J., 1860-61, resigning in the latter year to become a member of the Paulist community. His labors were es- pecially directed toward the revival of the Gre- gorian chant, and he established a chorus for its rendition in the church of St. Paul the Apostle, New Y'ork city. He published several sermons in "Sermons by the Paulists" (6 vols.); composed the music for several hymns, and is the author of: 77ie Complete Sodality Hymn Book (1863), re- published as Catholic Hymns and Canticles (1S88); The Office of Vespers (1869); The Catholic Hym- nal (1884); Carols for a Merry Christmas and a Joyous Easter (2 vols., 1885-86); ^?i Order of Divine Praise and Prayer; Catholic and Fh-otes- testant Countries Compared (1895, 2d ed., 1898), and of poetical and prose contributions to periodi- cal. He died in New Y^ork city, April 4, 1900.
YOUNG, Brigham, president of the Mormon church, was born in Whitingliam, Vt., June 1, 1801; son of John Y'oung, a native of Hopkinton, Mass., and a Revolutionary soldier, and grand- son of Joseph Y'oung, also a Revolutionary sol- dier. He removed with his parents to Sher- burne, N.Y., and followed the respective trades of carpenter, joiner, painter and glazier. He was married in 1824, to Miriam Works of Amelius, N.Y'., and in 1829 removed to Mendon, N.Y. In
1831 he became one of the first converts to Mor- monism; was baptized into the faith, April 14,
1832; began preaching in Mendon; removed to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1832, where he became associ- ated with Joseph Smith (q.v.), and was ordained elder. He engaged in missionary work in Canada, 1832-33, joined in the so-called " Zion's Camp" expedition into Missouri, 1834. and be- came one of the twelve aiiostles, Feb. 14. 1835. Early in 1838 he removed to Far West,:Mo.: re- turned to Quincy, 111., in 1839, and was one of the
