STURGES
STURGIS
STURGES, Jonathan, delegate, was born in
Fairfield, Conn., Aug. 23, 1740. He was grad-
uated from Yale college, A.B., 1759; was ad-
mitted to the bar, and practised law in Fairfield.
He was a delegate to the Continental congress,
1774-87 ; a representative in the 1st and 2d U.S.
congresses, 1789-93 ; judge of the state supreme
court, 1793-1805, and served as a presidential
elector in 1797 and in 1805. He received the
honorary degrees of A.M. and LL.D. from Yale
college in 1769 and in 1806, respectively. He
died in Fairfield, Conn., Oct. 4, 1819.
STURGES, Lewis Burr, representative, was born at Fairfield, Conn., March 15, 1763; son of Jonathan and Deborah (Lewis) Sturges ; grand- son of Samuel and Ann (Burr) Sturges and of Lothrop and Sarah (Sturges) Lewis. He was graduated from Yale, A.B., 1783, A.M., 1785. He was a Federalist representative from Connecticut in tiie 9th-14th congresses. 1805-17. He subse- quently removed to Norwalk, Ohio, where he died, March 30, 1844.
STURGIS, Russell, architect, was born in Baltimore, Md., Oct. 16, 1836 ; son of Russell and Margaret Dawes (Appleton) Sturgis ; grandson of Thomas and Elizabeth (Jackson) Sturgis and of Charles and Hannah (Dawes) Appleton. He- was graduated from the College of the City of New York, A.B., 1856 ; studied architecture in New York, 1857-58, and in Europe, 1859-60; practised his profession in New York city, 1860- 80 ; and was also professor of architecture and the arts of design in the College of the City of New York, 1877-80. He was married. May 26, 1864, to Sarah, daughter of Danford Newton Barney (afterward of New York) and Cynthia (Cushman) Barney. He resided in Europe for the benefit of his health, 1880-85, and in the latter year returned to New York city. Mr. Sturgis was secretary of the American Institute of Architects, 1868-69 ; first corresponding secre- tary of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1870-75 ; reorganized the Architectural League of New York and served four times as its president ; was first president of the Fine Arts Federation ; first vice-president of the National Sculpture society ; and a member of various other architectural and fine-art organizations, and of the purchasing committee of the Avery Arciiitectural library, located in Columbia university. He received the honorary degree of A.M. from Yale in 1872, and that of Ph.D. from the College of the City of New York in 1895. He was editor for decorative art of the " Century Dictionarj- " and for fine art in general of Webster's " International Dictionary " and of the new edition of Johnson's " Universal Cyclopedia;" also editor of: "A Dictionary of Architecture and Building " (Vols. I and II, 1901, Vol. Ill, 1902) ; and is the author of : Manual of
Jarves Collection of Early Italian Pictures (1868);
European Architecture, A Historical Study ( 1896) ;
Annotated Bibliography of Fine Art (1897).
He revised, with much new matter, Liibke's
" History of Art" (1903) ; prepared Artists'
Methods of Thought and Execution, elaborately
illustrated (1903) ; and Hoio to Judge a Work of
Architecture (1903), and is also the author of
numerous critical monographs and general
articles on architecture, sculpture, and the ap-
plied arts.
STURGIS, Samuel Davis, soldier, was born in Sliippensburg, Pa., June 11, 1832. He entered the U.S. Military academy, July 1, 1843, and was bre vetted 3d lieutenant, 3d dragoons, July 1, 1846 ; was captured, Feb. 30, 1847, while reconnoitering near Buena Vista ; served on the frontier, 1848- 53, was assistant adjutant-general of the depart- ment of New Mexico, 1852-53, and was promoted 1st lieutenant, July 15, 1853. He was engaged with the Apaches at Cienega, N.M., April 6, 1854, was promoted captain, 1st cavalry, March 3, 1855, was stationed in Kansas to quell disturbances, 1855-56, and took part in the Cheyenne expedi- tion in 1857. He did garrison and frontier duty in Kansas, Missouri, and Indian Territory, 1857- 60, and took part in the Comanche expedition in 1860. He was stationed at Fort Smith, Ark., at the outbreak of the civil war, and was forced to evacuate the fort, April 23, 1861. He was pro- moted major. May 3, 1861, fought at Dug Spring, Mo., Aug. 2, 1861, and Wilson's Creek, Aug. 10, where, after General Lyon was killed, he com- manded. He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel, U.S.A., and was commissioned brigadier-general, U.S. v., Aug. 10, 1861. He was chief of staff to General Hunter, commanded the reserve of the third corps at the second Bull Run, Aug. 29, 1863, and in the Maryland campaign commanded the second division, ninth corps, under Reno at South Mountain and under Burn side at Antietam. He held the same command in the Rappaliannock campaign, fighting at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1863, and was brevetted colonel, L^.S.A., for gal- lant and meritorious service, but was one of the officers whom General Burnside attempted to discharge in "general orders No. 8." He was chief of cavalry in central Kentucky, was trans- ferred to the department of Ohio, and during Morgan's raid organized the militia of Cincinnati. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel, U.S.A., Oct. 27, 1863 ; took part in the operations in East Ten- nessee, including Mossy Creek, Dec. 39, 1863, the brilliant capture of General Vance, Jan. 13, 1864, and the rout of Martin's cavalry near Fair Gar- dens, January 35. In May, 1864, he left Memphis. Tenn., fought at Bolivar, Tenn., May 10. and fol- lowed Forrest to Ripley, Tenn., and thence to Brice's Cross Roads, where, June 10, 1864, Forrest
