1. Coast and Inland Population.
The Former Coast Population.
HOUSE RUINS. — It has been stated in the Descriptive Part that at several places along the coast of the Caribou Eskimo area there are ruins of permanent winter houses, a type of dwelling which the present population of these regions never use. These I have seen near the Hudson's Bay Company's post at Chesterfield Inlet (Igluligârjuk) and on Sentry Island (Arviaq); but according to the Eskimos there are also ruins at the following places[1]: Inugjivik and Iglulik near Fullerton; Depot Island (Pitiulâq); Silumiut between Depot Island and Chesterfield Inlet; Igluligjuaq on the north side of Chesterfield Inlet just opposite the above-named Igluligârjuk; Iviktôq south of Corbett Inlet; Qiqertarjuaq — which, in spite of its name, "the big island", is now actually a naze — south of Dawson Inlet; Ivik, south of Sentry Island and Eskimo Point, presumably at the mouth of McConnell River; and finally in the interior, Ikerahak, at Maguire River by the sledge trail from Hikoligjuaq to Sentry Island. Ellis mentions ruins from Marble Island[2].
The ruins at Chesterfield, which have previously been referred to by J. B. Tyrrell and Mgr. Turquetil[3], were partly excavated by Peter Freuchen, who found in them numerous relics which have been described in Therkel Mathiassen's archæological report.
The ruins on Sentry Island are on the south side of the island. Three of them lie close together by the edge of a steep cliff 10 m. high, a little to the east of the highest point of the island; a little way to the east and rather lower down there is a fourth, big ruin. Sentry Island is an esker consisting of glaciofluvial sand, which is very unsuitable for preserving relics. By means of the examination which Jacob Olsen and I made of two of the ruins, we found a lot of very brittle seal and walrus bones, but no definite implements. Near the ruins there were many tent rings, cooking shelters, kayak
