CROMWELL. 431 V. UGl, 4, or 1. Sir Humphrey Bourchier, 3rd s. of Henry, to 1st Earl OP Essex, by Isabel (aunt to King Edward IV), da. of 1471. Richard (Plantaoenet), Earl of Cambridge, having m. Joan, 2nd and yst. da. of Sir Richard Stan-hove, K.B., (of Hampton,) by his 2nd wife, Maud, sister of [whose issue was coheir to] Ralph (de Cromwell) Lord Cromwell abovenamed, was sum. to Pari, as a Baron [LORD BOURCHIER PE CROMWELL, or LORD CROMWELL] by writs, 25 July 1461 to 15 Oct. 1470, direoted " llumjrido de Cromwell," Humfrido, d'no Cromwell, or " Humfrido Cromwell, ChVr." "Rod. s.p. 14 April 1471, being slain fighting for King Edward, at Barnet field, and was bur. in Westminster Abbey. Will pr. 18 June 1471. As he never had issue by his wife, lie was not tenant by courtesy, and it is doubtful if tins Barony was not a new creation,^) hi which case it became extinct at his death ; if, however, it be considered as the Barony of 1375, it fell into abeyance between his widow and her sister. His widow m. Sir Robert Radclyffe, Kt., of Hunstanton, Norfolk, whose will dat. 24 Nov. 1496, was pr. 19 May 149S. She herself d. s.p. 10 March 1490,( b ) and was bur. at Tattershall afsd. M.I. CROMWELL. Barony. Thomas Cromwell,( c ) only s.( d ) of Walter Cromwell, alias Smyth, of Putney, co. Surrey, Fuller and Shearer of cloth, as I. 1586, also Brewer and Blacksmith, was b. about 1485, and appears to have to been u soldier and subsequently a trader at Florence and elsewhere 1540. abroad, but in 1513 was established in London as, apparently, a Lawyer, as well as a cloth-dresser; was, in 1514, Collector of the revenues of the Archbishop (Wolsey) of York ; was M.P. as early as 1523, representing Taunton 1529 to 1536 ; member of Grays Inn, 1524 ; was, in Jan. ( a ) It seems to have been so considered in the " Return of all Baronies called out of Abeyance," made "pursuant to an order of the House of Lords, dat. 28 June 185S." To this return, three peerages are appended with the remark that "it is uncertain whether they can be regarded as [being] within the terms of the order." These are (1) Fumiv.il, 1406 ; (2) Cherleton de Powys, or Powys, 1422 ; and (3) Cromwell, 1461. As to the last, the statement runs thus, "Maud, da. anil after [sic] sole h. of Ralph, 2nd Baron, had issue 2 daughters, Maud and Joan ; the latter m. Humphrey Bourchier, who was, sum. in 1461 as Humphrey Bourchier de Cromwell. He had no issue by his wife. Joan, and was not a coheir himself, nor had he acquired that interest in his wife's inheritance, which would have entitled him to enjoy the dignity in her right, and it is scarcely possible to consider that this summons terminated t/ie abeyance." On the other hand " Cmise" seems to have no doubt of the Barony being the ancient one, alluding to it several times as the case of the youngest coheir being preferred to the elder, and (at p. 184) when speaking of the prerog. of the Crown to terminate an abeyance, adding that " the nominee becomes entitled to the place and precedence of the ancient Barony to which he is thus nominated. Bourchier, Lord Cromwell, was, perhaps, the first person in whose favour the Crown exercised this prerogative, but there are so many subsequent instances of it that it cannot now be questioned." ( b ) On her death the representation of the Barony devolved on her sister (see, p. 340, note " e ") after the extinction of whose issue in or before 1509, it vested in the re- presentatives of the three sisters of the 2nd Lord, viz. (1) Hawyse, who in. Thomas, Lord Bardolph, represented by the Earl of Abingdon and Lord Beaumont ; (2) Maud, who to. Sir William Fitzwilliam of Sprotborough (from whom the Copleys of Sprotborough) ; and (3) Elizabeth, who m. firstly Sir John Clifton (from whom the Knevitts of Buckeuham) and secondly Sir Edward Beustead. (°) See a very able; account of him (Gairdner's) in Stephen's " Nat. Biography," incorporating the recent discoveries of Mr. John Phillips, of Putney, as to the family of Cromwell, alias Smyth. ( d ) Of his two sisters, Catharine m. Morgan Williams, a Welshman, from Glamor- ganshire, Ale brewer and Innkeeper at Putney, by whom she had a son Sir Richard Williams, alias Cromwell, who adopted the name of his uncle and patron, the Earl of Essex, and became of Hinchinbrooke, co. Huntingdon, being great grandfather of the notorious Oliver Cromwell who was s. of Robert, 2nd s. of Sir Henry C. of Hiuchinbrookc, the s. nod h. of Sir Richard Williams, alias Cromwell, abovenamed.
