442 CUMBERLAND. Hertford Street, Mayfair, Midx., Anne, widow of Christopher Hokton, of Catton - Derby, 1st da. of Simou (Lutthell), 1st Earl ok Cauiiamiton [I.], by Nicholas Lawks. He d. s.p. at his house in Pull Mall in his 45th year, lo *i ^v. 1790 in Westm. Abbey, when all his honours hecanw extinct. Will cluu ! " pr. 13 Oct. 1790 by the widow and universal legatee. She, who was o. - . 1 j Feb. 1742/3 at St. Maryleboue, d. Feb. 1809.C) Willpr. ,1809. V. 1799. 1. H.R.IL Ernest Augustus, Prince of Great Britain and Ireland, also Duke of Brunswick- Luneburg, 5th b. of King George III, by Charlotte Sophia, da. of Charles Louis, Grand Duke ok Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 6. 6 June 1771, at Kew and hap. 1 July at St. James Palace, one of his sponsors being Prince Ernest of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, whose name he received ; ed. at the Univ. of Gottingen ; el. KG. (together with 3 of his brothers) 2 June 1786.( b ) ; in 1790 entered the 9th Hanoverian Hussars as Lieut., becoming Lieut.-Col. thereof in 1793, and Major-General, both in the English and Hanoverian army, Feb. 1794, being wounded at Tournay, 10 May, and distinguishing himself at Nimeguen 10 Dec. following ; was Lieut.-Gen., 1798 ; General, 1S03, and Field Marshal, 26 Nov. 1813, being Col. of the 15th Light Dragons, 1801, and of the Royal Horse Guards (the Blues) 1827 till his resignation thereof in Nov. 1830. On 24 April 1799 he was cr. EARL OF ARMAGH [I.] and DUKE OF CUMBER- LAND AND TIVIOTDALE. He took a great part in Pari as a firm Tory and Protestant. G.C.B., 2 Jan. 1815 ; G.C.H., 12 Aug. 1815 ; Knight of the Black Eagle and of the Red Eagle of Prussia ; KP. 20 Aug. 1821. On the death of his br. King William IV, 20 June 1837, he, under the Salic law, succeeded, as heir mule to his Father, to the German dominions of his family as King of Hanover. He at once cancelled a constitution founded on extreme " liberal " notions, that had been granted to that Kingdom in 1833 by the late King, replacing it, however, in IS 10, with one so judiciously framed that it was able to bear the brunt of the great revolutionary reforms on the continent in 1848. He m. 29 May 1815 at Strelitz, and again 29 Aug. 1815 at Carlton House, St. James', Westm., Frederica Sophia Charlotte Alexandrina, widow of Prince Frederick William of Solms-Bbaunfels (who d. 13 April 1814) relict of Prince Frederick Louis Charles op Prussia (who d. 28 Dec. 1796) 3rd da. of Charles Louis Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (the bridegroom's maternal uncle( c ) by his 1st wife Caroline Louise, Princess of Hesse-Dabmstadt. She, who was b. 2 March 1778, d. 21 June 1841. The King of Hanover d. 18 Nov. 1851, aged 80, at the palace of Herrenhausen and was bur. the 26th at Hanover.C) VI. 1§51. 2. H.R.H. George Frederick Alexander Charles Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland and Tiviotdale, ako Eael of Armagh [I.] also from 18 Nov. 1851 to 20 Nov. 1866 (when dcposcd{°) by Olive Wilmot (said to have d. 5 Dec, 1774) and the birth of one child, Olive, 3 April 1772, soidisant " Princess Olive 0 f Cumberland, was alleged by a Mrs. Ryves and her eldest son in a case, called Ryves and Ryves v. the Attorney General," tried in 1866 under the Legitimacy Declaration Act, the said Mrs. Ryves being the only child of John Thomas Serres by the said Olive, who was bur. 3 Dec. 1834 at St. James, Westm., as " Olive Cumberland." The jury (naturally enough) were not satisfied with the proofs for the marriage of 1767, nor with those of the legitimacy of the said Olive. See a very full account of this trial in the " Annual Register for 1866." ( a ) Her appearance and character are well described by Horace Walpole in a letter to Mann, 7 Nov. 1771. ( b ) See p. 122, note "a." ( c ) Queen Charlotte was, however, much opposed to her son's marriage with her (already twice wedded) niece, and absolutely refused to receive the Duchess. C) " Of all the sons of George III he was the one who had the strongest will, the best intellect and the greatest courage." See an appreciative life of him by H. Morse Stephens, in Stephen's Nat. Biography." (°) Tho' blind since 1841 he was himself present at Langeusalza and remained under the fire of the Prussians at that battle, 27 June 1866, the day previous to the final capitulation of the Hanoverians, who were then surrounded by fur superior numbers.
