1859- i866. June July 27 12 1871. Mar. 9 1880. May 12 1886. Feb. 15' 1892. 1895. 1900. 1905. 1905. Au^. July Nov. Mar. Dec. 25, 6. 12, 27, 22, APPENDIX D 633 Edward (Seymour), Duke of Somerset Sir John Pakington, afterwards Lord Hampton, till Mar. 1867 George Goschen, afterwards Viscount Goschen, till Mar. 1874 Thomas (Baring), Earl of Northbrook, till June 1885 George (Robinson), Marquess of Ripon, till Aug. 1886 John, Earl Spencer 6. George Goschen, afterwards Viscount Goschen William (Palmer), Earl of Selborne Frederick (Campbell), Earl Cawdor Edward (Marjoribanks), Lord Tweedmouth, till Apr. 1908 SECRETARIES OF STATE* Originally there was only one Principal Secretary, a second being added in Apr. I540.() Therewasa third Secretary in the last month of Edward VI's reign, but this arrangement was not continued by Mary, and during some portions ot Elizabeth's reign there was only one. It was towards the end of the Tudor period that the designation " Secretary of State " came into use. Sir R. Cecil being in 1 600 described as " Our Principall Secretarye of Estate" andhiscolleague John Herbert as "one of Our Secretaries of Estate" {Fcedera xvi. 400). At some date which cannot, perhaps, definitely be fixed C") the two Secretaries took each a particular department or province,
- Contributed by the Rev. A. B. Beaven.
(") Although the Secretaryships are not technically among the Great Offices, they have always been so in fact, and they are among those for which special pre- cedency is provided by the statute 31 Hen. VIII, c. 10. By kind permission of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, the editor has been allowed to collate this list with a similar one in course of preparation by officers of his department. V.G. C") A letter from Sec. Sir F. Windebank to Sir T. Roe, Ambassador in Flanders, dated 7 Feb. 1639/40, informs him that the King had divided the foreign business between the two Secretaries, himself (Windebank) taking Spain, Italy, Flanders and Ireland while to Vane France, Germany, Turkey, Holland and the Baltic had been assigned. This is the earliest notice of such division which I have observed. Such a system of division of provinces was probably permanent from that date, though modified in details; Chamberlayne, //«^AW Notitia (3rded. 1 669) states that "the Secretaries divide all the Kingdoms and Nations, which have intercourse of business with the King of Eng- land into two grand Provinces, whereof each Secretary taketh one to himself .... but in all matters of home concern .... both Secretaries do equally and indistinctly receive and dispatch whatsoever is brought to them." Chamberlayne does not specify the exact division of the provinces, which was that given in the text (p. 634) not long after, and probably as early as, this date. 81
