649 APPENDIX E MEMBERS OF THE COLLEGE OF ARMS It is likely that the designation of most of the 13 members of the College of Arms originated in the reign of Edward III. As to the two Provincial Kings, it was by that King that the country north of the Trent was assigned to a King of Arms, thence called " Nord Roy " or " Norroy," the country south thereof being assigned to " S:ud Roy " or " Surroy." The former designation (though interrupted for a time) was restored by Edward IV and still exists ; but the latter gave place to " Clarenceux King of Arms," probably in 1362, in honour of Lionel, Duke of Clarence [1362]. Anyhow, it appears to have existed as a Kingship temp. Henry V (whose brother, Thomas, was Duke of Clarence, 1 4 1 1 -2 1 ), and, again, possibly, temp. Henry VI, but, towards the middle of the 15th century, it relapsed into a heraldship, though restored as a Kingship by Edward iV, perhaps in honour of that King's brother, George, who was i:r., in 1 461, Duke of Clarence. As to "Garter Principal King of Arms," that office did not exist till Henry V instituted it as (in lieu of " Windsor ") the officer of arms to the order of the Garter^ and placed it above the Provincial Kings as the head of the College of Arms. Of the six existing Heraldships, (i) Windsor Herald, founded by Edward III (Edward of Windsor), had the charge of the Knights of the Garter, whose chapel is at Windsor, till the institution of " Garter King" as abovementioned. (2) Chester Herald was probably instituted in honour of Edward, Prince of Wales, Earl of Chester, the King's eldest son. That " Clarenceux " was, probably, instituted in honour of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, the King's 2nd surv. son, is mentioned above. (3) Lancaster Herald was probably instituted in honour of John of Gant, Duke of Lancaster, the King's 3rd surv. son. "Lancaster" was made the designation of a King of Arms by Henry IV, for a short time, was altogether abolished by Edward IV, but was re-established, as a Herald- ship, by Henry VII, who prided himself on a (bastard) descent from the said Duke John. (4) York. Herald was probably instituted in honour of Edmund, Duke of York, 4th surv. son of Edward III. It was certainly in existence during the reign of the Yorkist Kings, and was continued by Henry VII, whose wife was of that House ; on the other hand, 83
