CORNWALLIS 455 V. 1722. 5 and I. Charles (Cornwallis), Baron Cornwallis OF Eye, I St s. and h., b. and bap. 29 Mar. 1700, in the par. EARLDOM. of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields; Groom of the Bedchamber, J 1721-22; Ch. Justice in Eyre, South of Trent, July 1722- 75J- ^o. Constable of the Tower, Lord Lieut, of the Tower Hamlets, both 1740 till his death; P.C. 12 May 1740. On 30 June 1753 he bein^ a Whig, was cr. VISCOUNT BROME of co. Suffolk and EARL CORNWALLIS.^ He ;«., 28 Nov. 1722, at St. James's, Westm., Eliza- beth, 1st da. of Charles (Townshend), 2nd Viscount Townshend of Raynham, by his ist wife, Elizabeth, da. of Thomas (Pelham), ist Baron Pelham of Laughton. He ci. at the Hot Wells, near Bristol, 23, and was /-ttr. 26 June 1762, at Culford, aged 62. Will pr. Sep. 1762. Hiswidow^. I Dec. 1785, and was bur. at Culford-C") EARLDOM II. 2, 6 and I. Charles (Cornwallis), Earl Cornwallis, Viscount Brome, and Baron Corn- ^^^ wallis of Eye, ist s. and h., b. 31 Dec. 1738, in BARONY "" Grosvenor Sq.; ed. at Eton, and at the Military Academy of Turin; Ensign Gren. Guards, 1756; VI. J A.D.C. to the Marquess of Granby (in Ger- many) 1758-59; Lieut. Col. of the 12th Foot MARQUESSATE. 1761, and fought at the battle of Minden i Aug. I , 1759, and of Kirch Donkern, 15 July 1762. M.P. ■ '9 (Whig)forEye, i76o-62.(') Under the Rocking- ham Ministr)', he was Lord of the Bedchamber 1 765, resigning the same year, and A.D.C. to the King, 1765-66, and Ch. Justice in Eyre, South of Trent, Jan. 1766-69. Col. 33rd Foot, 1766 till his death; Major Gen., 1775; Lieut. Gen., 1777; General, 1793. Vice Treasurer of Ireland, 1769-70; P.C. 21 Nov. 1770; Constable of the Tower, ^c, 1770 to Feb. 1784, and again Nov. 1784,1111 his death. In the war with America (though opposed to the measures that caused it, and having voted for the repeal of the Stamp Act) he applied for employment, and held most important command, winning, under Howe as Com. in Chief, the victory of Brandywine, 13 Sep. 1777, and occupying Philadelphia next day; winning a decisive victory at Camden, 16 Aug. 1780, and another, though with great loss, at Guildford, 15 Mar. 1 78 1. He then planned a general invasion of Virginia, but being expressly ordered by Sir Henry Clinton to remain at Yorktown (an exposed post), he and his 4,000 men were surrounded and outnumbered by the American and French troops, and on 19 Oct. 1781, obliged to capitulate. From Aug. to Sep. 1785, he was Envoy Extraordinary to Frederick the Great. He was Governor General of Bengal, and Commander in Chief in the East Indies, 1 786-93, duringwhich period he finally broke the power of the Mysore (^) As to the style of this title, see note sub Charles, Earl Cadogan [1800]. C") Her correspondence, and that of others with her son, William C, sometime a distinguished Admiral, is printed in Hist. MSS. Com., Various MSS., vol. vi. V.G. (') He opposed the Coalition Govt, in 1783, thenceforward supported Pitt, and may be regarded as one of the more liberal section of the Tories. V.G.
