578 APPENDIX D 7. *Hereford (Miles of Gloucester), July i 141. 8. Hertford (Gilbert de Clare), before Christmas 1 141. [Kent. This Earldom often attributed to William of Ypres, being considered to have been one of Stephen's creations, was never so conferred, neither did the said William ever receive an English Earldom.] 9. Lincoln (William de Roumare), 1 1 3 9-40 . ; (*) and again (Gilbert de Gant) 1147-48. William d'Aubigny, Earl of Arundel, also occurs twice in charters as Earl of Lincoln. (Round, op. cit., pp. 325-6). 10. Norfolk (Hugh Bigod), before Feb. 1141. 11. *OxFORD (Aubrey de Vere), 1142. 12. Pembroke (Gilbert de Clare), 1138. 13. *Salisbury or Wiltshire (Patrick of Salisbury), In or before 1 149. 14. *Somerset (William de Mohun), before June 1141. [This Earldom does not occur subsequent to 1 142.] [Sussex, see Arundel.] [Wiltshire, see Salisbury.] [Worcester. "A doubtful Earldom of Worcestershire, bestowed on the Count of Meulan, need not be considered here."] 15. York (William of Aumale), 1138 ["William of Aumale, some- times, but rarely, during the reign of Stephen styled himself Earl of York. He did not under Henry II lose his Comital rank. Aumale (Albemarle) is notoriously a difficult title, as one of those of which the bearer enjoyed Comital rank, though whether as a Norman Count or an English Earl it is, at first, difficult to decide. Eventually, of course, the dignity became an English Earldom "]. The whole of the Earldoms (23 in number) that existed at this early period (11 35-11 54) can be ascertained if to the above (15) creations be added the (8) Earldoms in existence at the accession of King Stephen. It may be noted that at that date (i) the Earldom of Northumberland can (*) H. J. Ellis considers that William was not created Earl of Lincoln till early in 11 42. (See Facsimi/es of Royal and other Charters in the British Museum, edit. Warner and Ellis, I, no. 14).
