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THE CZECHOSLOVAK REVIEW
429

to all parts of Europe and some of it found its way to the United States.

Vlastimil Tusar, the former premier, has been named as Minister to Germany.

Recently a committee representing German students of Czechoslovakia appeared before President Masaryk and laid before him a memorial touching upon student housing conditions and social welfare. The spokesman emphasized the penury of the students and begged for help from the President. The President immediately placed at the disposal of the German student body 2,000,000 Cs. crowns from the Masaryk Memorial Fund and further assured them that he would exert his influence with the government to set aside a site for the erection of suitable college dormitories. He further assured them that larger allotments of coal would be at their disposal as well as oil for lighting purposes.

One of the serious problems confronting Czechoslovak industry is to assure the seller of raw materials that on due day his bills will be paid. In many instances these were sold with the understanding that the title remains in the seller until the purchaser sold the finished product and then turned the proceeds of the sale over to his creditor. This naturally restricted the market within which Czechoslovak merchants could operate and to overcome this condition commercial bodies are engaged in drawing up a proposed bill to be placed before the National Assembly to assure foreign creditors the amount of the purchase price for raw materials. This will give a wider field in which to market Czechoslovak wares.

At a meeting of the Prague State Council held on October 1st a resolution was passed asking the government to introduce a bill in Parliament to prohibit the manufacture and sale of whiskey.

A new barter treaty between Czechoslovakia and Poland has been signed and effects principally the exchange of coal for gasolene. Czechoslovakia is to furnish 37,500 tons of coal and 15,000 tons of coke per month. In return, Poland agrees to furnish 7,083 tons of gasolene and 1,250 tons of petroleum products. This is a distinct advantage to Czechoslovakia for she will receive a much needed help in the way of motive power essentials.

A Czech edition of the Talmud will appear very shortly. Those now in use are translations either from the jargon, English or German, and have led to many misunderstandings. The Bohemian Jewry will undoubtedly gratefully welcome this new departure.

“The Jihočeské Elektrárny”, (South Czech Electrical Undertakings) have just been incorporated with 10,000,000 Cs. crowns, of which merely 40% is private capital. They will erect generating stations near the lignite beds at Mytlobar, which will generate 20,000 KWH. and furnish electrical energy for Táborsko, Písecko, Něm.-Brodsko and České-Budějovicko. The beds are estimated to contain 20,000,000 tons of lignite, sufficient to furnish fuel for a period of at least eighty years. Preliminary work has been finished and the erection of buildings will begin with the new year.


BOHEMIA NEWSPAPERS.

The first newspaper of Europe was issued by the Bohemians. It was written by hand and called “The News of the Year of Our Lord, Thousand 405” (Noviny léta Božieho tisíciho 405). The first printed newspaper made its appearance in 1515 and was issued at irregular intervals, only when some more important events were to be recorded. The first newspaper issued regularly was printed in Prague in the year 1597. The title of this paper was “Prague News of the Whole Month of September, 1597” (Noviny Pražské celého měsíce září 1, 1597.). The thirty year war frustrated further attempts to issue periodicals and it was not again until 1672 that the leading printer of Prague, Daniel Adam, issued a newspaper. His venture was not very successful and soon ceased publication. But the first newspaper in the accepted term of today was issued in 1719 called “The Tuesday and Saturday Prague Post News” (Outeřní a sobotní Prazské poštovní noviny.) This paper was founded by K. Rosenmueller. The name of this paper was changed by his heirs in 1789 to “The Prague News” (Pražské poštovní noviny), which in later years was edited by the Bohemian “Awakeners” V. M. Kramerius and Tham. The first humorous periodical was issued in 1786 under the title “People’s Teacher” (Učitel Lidu), which was merely a translation of a German periodical.