‘May my sin be forgiven.’ Greater faults a layman will confess privately to a sādhu at intervals of two or four months, or whenever he specially feels the need of confession, and will perform the penance given to him. A sādhu should confess a grave sin at once, for if he should wait even till the time of Paḍīkamaṇuṁ some karma will have accumulated, and more still if he should wait for the big fortnightly Pakkhī Paḍīkamaṇuṁ. The accumulation of karma will be worse if he does not confess till the quarterly Ċomāsi (Ċaturmāsī) Paḍīkamaṇuṁ, and his last chance comes at the annual Saṁvatsarī Paḍīkamaṇuṁ. If he misses that and continues with his sin unconfessed, though to all outward seeming an ascetic, he has ceased to be a true sādhu, and if he dies, he will slip far down the ladder of birth (Adhogati). Similarly, if a layman should nurse the sin of anger unconfessed and unrepented of, despite all the opportunities these various services give, he would undoubtedly pass to hell on his death.
ii. Vinaya.Another interior austerity on which the Jaina lay great stress is reverence (Vinaya), for this, duly paid, destroys a great accumulation of karma. Both laity and ascetics should show respect to all who are their superiors in knowledge (Jñāna vinaya); in faith (Darśana vinaya); and in character (Ċāritra vinaya). They must keep their minds (Mana vinaya) in an attitude of humility towards their superiors; and do them honour by politeness when speaking to them (Vaċana vinaya); and by salutation and bodily service (Kāya vinaya); and should observe all the old customs of reverence prescribed in the religious books (Kalpa vinaya) to be performed either in the house or in the monasteries. Under this last heading is included all the reverence a wife should show her husband.[1] On rising in the morning- ↑ A great many Indian gentlemen were being almost unconsciously influenced by the chivalrous way in which they saw Englishmen treat ladies, when the crude militant ‘suffragette’ movement arose. It is impossible to over-estimate the evil that this movement did to the cause
