The five bhāvanā are as follows: First, a monk must ask permission of the owner before he occupy any one's house (Miugāha jāti). Then a junior monk must never use any food without showing what he has received in alms to his guru, and receiving his permission to eat it (Aṇuṇa vihapāṇa bhoyaṇe). Again, a monk must not be content to ask permission only once from the owner to use a house, but he must frequently ask if he may occupy it, and also ask how much of it he may use, and for how long a time (Uggahaṁ siuggāhitaṁsī). He must not use any furniture, such as beds or seats, that may be in the house, without the owner's permission (Uggahaṁ vauggahiṁsa ahhīkhaṇaṁ). Lastly, if a sādhu arrives after another sādhu has already obtained permission to use the house, the second arrival must ask the first sādhu to go again and get permission for him also; and if the second sādhu arrives ill, the first must willingly give him all the room he needs (Aṇuvīi mitoggaha jāti) .
The following śloka describes these clauses:
'One should ask for a place of residence after reflection, and renew the request every day: "I only need so much of it." Thus speaking, one should renew his petition. With people of one's own rank one should ask in the same way. One should gain permission before eating or drinking. In these ways the vow of non-stealing is respected.'
iv. Brahmaċarya vrata.
The monks, as their fourth promise, take the vow of chastity )Brahmaċarya), and the Sthānakavāsī monks in Kāṭhiāwāḍ every night and morning repeat the following words:
'The vow of chastity is eighteen-fold. One should have no dealings with gods, human beings or animals of the opposite sex, should not encourage them, or cause others to do so, by speech, thought or deed.'
This vow also has its five strengthening or protective clauses. To prevent any approach to transgressions of the main vow, monks should not talk about a woman (Abhikhaṇaṁ itthīṇaṁ kahaṁ kaha itame); or look at the form of a woman (Maṇoharāi indiyāi āloetae); or even recall the
