CAMERARIUS. (Frankfurt, 1545) : fiophoclcs (Basel, 1556) ; Herodotus (Basel, 1540 and 1557); Tlutcydides, with the scholia (Basel, 1540 and 1557) ; Theo- phra^tus (Basel. 1541). He was also co-editor of the edition ^of Galen, published by Cratander (Basel, 153S, et seq.). After C'amerarius"s death, a number of Greek works and Latin translations were published by his relatives. Among the Latin authors edited by him should be named Quintilian with Commentary; Cicero (Basel, 1540); many .separate works between 1542-1558; above all his edition of Plautus (Basel, 1552), for which he employed the so-called Codex Tetus Camerarii and the Codex Dectirtatus, and thus for the first time secured a certain basis for the text. A full list of his works may be found in Pokel, Philologisches Schriftstellerlexikon (Leipzig, 1882). Consult Bursian, Geschichte der klassi- schen Pliilologie in Dciitschland (Munich, 1883), pp. 185-00. CAMEKARIUS, Rudolf Jakob (1665-1721). A German botanist and physician, professor of medicine and director of the botanic garden at Tubingen. He was the first to recognize sexual differences in plants (1694). CAMERHsTO, kii'ma-re'no (Lat. Camerinum) . A city in central Italy, with a bishopric dating from 252 and an archbishopric dating from 1787, between the Chienti and the Potenza. about 70 miles southwest of Ancona (^lap: Italy, H 4). The cathedral, built in 1832. oc- cupies the site of a temple of Jupiter. The town possesses a university, founded in 1727 (the smallest in Italy), and a library of 40.000 vol- umes. There are also the archiepiscopal palace, the ducal palace, the new palace, and a bronze statue of Sixtus V., erected in 1587. The chief industry is silk-growing. Population, in 1881, 12,000;" in 1001. 12,542. CAM'ERLEN'GO, or CAMERLIN'GO (It., eliamberlain) . The oflicer, generally a cardinal, who controls the finances and the secular inter- ests of the Pope. During a vacancy in the Holy See, he is sole head in things temporal, and pre- sides over the apostolic chamber or palace. In things spiritual, however, he is assisted by the other cardinals. CAM'ERON, Archibald (c.l771-183C). An American clergyman, born in Scotland. He studied at Transylvania Seminary (later Lni- versity), Lexington, Ky., was licensed to preach in 1705, ordained in 1706. and in the latter year was installed over the churches of Akron, Fox Run, and Big Spring. For many years the only Presbyterian clergyman in a wide e.xtent of territory, he was occupied with itinerant labors until 1828, from which time he was pastor of the churches at Shelbv-ville and Mulljerry. With the Rev. David Rice, he was a pioneer in the organization of the Presbyterian Church in Kentucky. Among his publications are: The Faithful' Strirard (1806): /1h Appeal to the Scriptures (1811) ; A Defence of the Doctrines of (trace (1816) ; and A Reply to Some Armin- ian Questions on Divine Predestination (1822). CAMEBON, Sir Ch.vrlk.s (1841 — ). A Scotcli journalist and politician, born in Dublin. He studied at Madras (,'ollege. Saint Andrews, and Trinity College, Dublin, and at the medical schools of Paris, Berlin, and Vienna, and from 1864 to 1874 edited the Xorth British Daily Mail. Fron 1874 to 1885 he was member of 85 CAMERON. Parliament for Glasgow, from the subdivision of the constituency in 1885 until 1805 sat for the College division, and in 1807 was elected for the Bridgeton division. He introduced into the House the resolutions whose carriage effected the introduction of sixpenny telegrams, the previous minimimi charge having been a shilling. He has published monographs on political and other subjects. CAMERON, Sir Chables Alexandeb (1830 — ). An Irish physician and chemist. He was born in Dublin, and was educated in Dublin and Guernsey and in Germany. In 1862 he became pubjic analyst for the city of Dublin, and in 1867 was appointed professor of hygiene and chemistry in the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. The following are a few of his valuable publications: Elements of Agricultural Chemis- try (in collaboration with J. S. W. Johnston, 10th ed. 1807) ; .1 Manual of Hygiene, Public and Private (1874): Lectures on the Preserva- tion of Health (1868); The Prevention of Con- tagious Diseases (1871). CAMERON, Chables Du.vcax ( ? -1870). An English soldier and explorer. He partici- pated in the Kaffir War of 1846-47, and after- wards in the Crimean War, and served with distinction at Kars, and subsequently, on special duty, at Trebizond. In 1860 he was appointed British consul in Abyssinia, but he did not as- sume the duties of this office until early in 1862. In June of this year he proceeded from his resi- dence at JIassowah to CJondar. for the purpose of delivering a letter and presents from Queen Victoria to King Theodore, but he was here thrown intp prison by the King in 1864 for al- leged interference in Abyssinian politics, and was held for two years, when he was surrendered to Rassam, the agent of the British Govern- ment. Soon afterwards he, with Rassam and other persons, was again imprisoned by King Theodore, and the party was released only when a British force advanced to their rescue. Came- ron's account of his experiences was published in the Parliamentary Printed Papers (1868-60). CAMERON, Doxald (c.160.5-1748). A Scot- tish chief, known as 'The Gentle Lochiel.' He was born at Achnacarrie. Lochiel. Inverness. He supported the Young Pretender. Charles Ed- ward, who landed in Scotland in 1745. When Lochiel suggested awaiting reinforcements from France, Charles taunted him into invasion of England. Lochiel took Edinburgh in September, 1745, distinguished himself at Prestonpans, marched as tar south as Derby, returned to Scot- land and captured Falkirk. Governed by his strict but just and humane discipline, his" com- mand gained honorable repute by their conduct and forbearance. He opposed the plan of the night attack on Cumberland's army at Culloden, where he was severely wounded. After vicissi- tudes, he escaped to France, where he was after- wards master of horse to "the Young Chevalier.' He is the hero of Campbell's poem, LochieVs Warning. CAMERON, Sir Du.ncax Alexandeb (1808- 88). All English soldier. He entered the army in 1825. became a colonel in 1854, and served with distinction in the Crimean War. He coininanded a regiment at the Alma, and the Highland Brigade at Balaklava and at the siege of Sebastopol, where he took a prominent part
