HAVELOCK. 638 HAVEKT. mand out of his hands. After desperate fight- ing at Mungiihvar, at the Ahim Bagh, and through the streets of Lucknow, they gained the Eesidency, to the joy of the beleaguered garri- " son, but were in turn besieged. They held their own until Sir Colin Campbell (later Lord Clyde) forced his way to their rescue on November 19th. Havclock, unfortunately attacked by dysentery, died five days after the relief, on November 24, 1857. His services had won him the distinction of K. C. B., and other honors, including a baro- netcy, were conferred upon him before the news of his death reached England. The rank and the pension were given to his widow. For his biography, consult: Brock (London, 1858) ; jMarshman (London, 1S60) ; Forbes (London, 1890). HAV'ELOCK-AL'LAN, Sir Henrt Marsh- man (1830-97). An Knglish soldier, the son of Sir Henry Havelock, the reliever of Lucknow. He was born at Chinsurah, India, and was edu- cated at a private school in London. In 184G he was commissioned an ensign in the Thirty-ninth Foot. He was a lieutenant in 1848 and an ad- jutant in 1852. In 1857 he saw active ser'ice in Sir James Outram's Persian campaign. After the outbreak of the Indian Mutiny he accom- panied his father to Calcutta, and served on his staff in his victorious march to the relief of Cawnpore and Lucknow. At Cawnpore, on July 16, 1857, his gallantry and daring in leading a charge for the cajiture of a gun won for him the Victoria Cross. In the advance from Cawnpore to Lucknow he was severely wounded. In January, 1858, the baronetcy and pen- sion which it had been proposed to bestow upon his father were conferred upon him. He served until the suppression of the mutiny, re- ceived brevets of major and lieutenant-colonel, and commanded Hodson's Horse in Lord Clyde's last campaign. He served in New- Zealand under Sir Duncan Campbell in the Maori War of 1863-04, and as assistant quarter- master-general in Canada in 1867-69. On leave of absence, and as a newspaper correspondent, he saw the Franco-German War of 1870-71, and the Eusso-Turkish War of 1877-78. He Avas a mem- ber of Parliament as a Liberal, 1874-81, and later as a Liberal-Unionist, 1885-92, and from 1895 until his death. He took an active part in the debates, and held the position of chairman of the Naval and Military Service Committee. In the latter capacity, during the Parliamentary re- cess of 1897, he visited India to study the needs of tlie Indian Army, and visited the Afghan fron- tier, where a campaign against the hill tribes was in progress. Here, on December 30, 1897, while accompanying the troops near Ali ilasjid, an un- manageable horse carried him beyond the lines, and he was fired U])on and killed by some Khai- baris who were harassing the British flank. He took the additional surname of Allan in 18S0. and retired from the active list of the Army in 1881 with the rank of lieutenant-general. He wrote Three 3[ain Military Questions of the Day (1867). Consult: Kaye. Historif of the Sepoy War (London. 1864-75) ; Malleson, History of the Indian Mutiny (ib., 1878-80) : Marshman, Life of Sir Henry Havelock (ib., 1870). HAVEIiOCK THE DANE, The Lay of. An Anglo-Danish legend of early England. Gaimar, an Anglo-Norman chronicler of the twelfth cen- tury, speaks of it as an ancient story. The earliest form is a French version, Le Lai de Aicloc, abridged by Gaimar. The old French and an English version of the later thirteenth century were published by Sir F. JSladden for the Uo.xburgh Club (1828), and The Lay of Harelovk the Dane was edited by W. V. Skeaf in the Early English Text Series ("1868) . The Danish prince, Havelock, was rescued by Grim, a fisherman, who became his foster-father. When Havelock gained the English crown, he rewarded Grim, who built the town of Grimsby. HAVEMANN, iui've-man, Wilhelm (1800- 69). A Gennan historian, born in Liineburg, Hanover. He studied law in the universities of Gottingen and Erlangen. In 1825 he was ar- rested for his alleged revolutionary activity, and was sentenced to five years' imprisonment. After his release he taught in various schools until 1S38, when he became a professor in the Univer- sity of Giittingen, where he was admitted to the Gesellschaft der Wissemschaften (1850). His i.'iost important work is the Geschichte der Lande ISiaiinscliu-cifi und Liineburf/ (rev. ed. 1853-57). HAVEMEYEB, hav'e-mi'er, William Fred- erick (1804-74). An American politician. He was born in New York City, of Gernmn parent- age, was educated at Columbia, and went into business with his father. In 1842 he retired from business with a good fortune, and devoted him- self to politics. He was an enthusiastic Demo- crat, and was elected Mayor of New York in 1845 and in 1848 by large majorities, and for a third time in 1872, but by a narrow margin. His first two terms were marked by the thorough care he bestowed on even the smallest details of his office and the honesty and economy he exacted. His third administration was less felicitous than the others in his appointments, and contentions with the aldermen monopolized the greater part of his time. An appeal was made to the Gover- nor for his removal, but was not acted upon. He was president of the Bank of North America from 1851 to 1861, and brought it successfully through the crisis of 1857. His fearlessness and political experience were of the greatest value in the overthrow of the Tweed 'ring.' HA'VEN, Alice Bradlet (1828-63). An American author. Her maiden name was Emily Bradley, and she was born at Hudson, N. Y. Her first writing appeared in the Philadelphia Snlurd<jy Gazette, to whose editor, Joseph C. Neal. she was married in 1846. She continued her writing under the name of 'Cousin Alice.' and although after her husband's death in 1847 she took editorial charge of the paper, she still found time to contribute many poems and short stories to other periodicals. In 1853 she mar- ried Samuel L. Haven. Her works include: The Gossips of Rii-ertoicn (1850) ; Coiitrntment Bet- ter than Wealth: All's Xot Gold that Glitters; and Out of Drht.'Out of Dauyrr. HAVEN", Erastus Otis (1820-81). An American educator and Methodist Episcopal bish- op. He was born in Boston, graduated at Wes- leyan University in IS42. and after a short ])eriod of teachinc: in preparatory schools entered the Jtethodist ministry. In 1853 he was chosen professor of Latin in Michigan University, and three years later became editor of Zion's Herald, in Boston. He was twice elected to the Mas- sachusetts Senate, where he distinguished him-
