HOWE. 273 HOWE. ainJer Richard Cromwell, hut in 1G59 returned to Turrington, where the position he had held dur- ing the Commonwealth made him an object of close suspicion to the Government. The Act of Uniformity ejected him from his parish (IG()2), and he wandered about preaching in secret till 1071. when he was invited by Lord Massereene, of Antrim Castle, in Ireland, to become his do- mestic chaplain. There he began his greatest work, The Good Man the Living Temple of (Jod (1C70-17O2), which occupies one of the highest places in Puritan theology. In 1U7G he became pastor of the dissenting congregation in Silver Street, London. In 1677 he published, at the request of Robert Boyle, The Keconcilableness of God's Prescience of the iSins of Men mith the ^Visdom of His Counsels and Exhortations ; in 1G81, Thoiightfulness for the Morrow; in IG82, Helf -Dedication; in 108.3, Union Among Protes- tants; and in 1084, The Redeemer's Tears Wept Over Lost Souls. In 1685 he was invited by Lord 'harton to tr.ivel with him on the Conti- nent; and, after visiting the principal cities, in 1686 he settled, owing to the state of England, at Utrecht. In 1687 King .James's "Declaration for Liberty of Conscience" induced him to return • to England, and at the revolution the next year he headed the deputation of di.-ssenting clergy- men when they brought their address to the throne. Besides smaller works, he published, in 1693, Carncilifij of Religious Contention ; in 1004-95, several treatises on the Trinit.y, in lOOfl, The Redeemer's Dominion Over the Invisi- hit- World; and he continued writing till 1705, ■when he published Patience in Expectation of Future Blessedness. He died in London, April 2, 1703. His works have been several times re- printed. For his life, consult: Rogers (London, 1879). and Horton (ib., 1896). HOWE, .Joseph (1804-73). A Canadian states- man, bom at Halifax, N. S. He was the son of John Howe, a Boston printer and Loyalist, who settled at Halifax on the outbreak of the Revo- lution. From the printer's office the son pushed his way into journalism, becoming in 1828 pro- prietor and editor of the Xova Scotian. To this famous newspaper he contributed remarkable sketches under the titles "Western and Eastern Rambles" and "The Club." and the no less re- markable papers called "Legislative Reviews." In his journal first appeared also T. C. Halibur- ton's (q.v.) ".Sayings and Doings of Sam Slick." Elected to the local Parliament in 1830, Howe became the most conspicuous figure in his prov- ince. Mainly through his efforts a rcs])onsible government was won for Nova Scotia. He be- came a member of the Executive Council (1840), Speaker of the .Vssembly (1840), Secretary of State for the Dominion (1870). and Governor of Nova Scotia (1873). Consult: His Speeches and Public Letters, edited by Annand (Boston, 1858) ; and Fcnetv. Life and Times of Roue (Saint .John, N. B., 1896). HOWE, .)uu. (Wabd) (1819—). An Ameri- can poet, philanthropist, and sociological writer, active in the agitation for the legal and political rights of women. She was born in New York, of wealthy parents, and married, in 1843. Dr. S. G. Howe, a philanthropist, best known for his labors for the education of the blind. With him she edited the Boston Cnmmonu-enlth. an anti- slavery journal, lecturing also on social subjects and preaching occasionally in Unitarian pulpits. After the war she became a noted advocate of female suffrage, and of prison and other reforms. Her early publications, Passioti Flowers (1854), M'ords for the Hour (1856), and Later Lyrics (1866), were in verse, the best known of her pieces being the once immensely popular "Battle Hymn of the Republic," which was written in 18G1, and inspired by the sight of troops march- ing to the tune of ",Iohn Brown's Body." She wrote also during this period two dramas, The World's Own (acted in 1855). and Hyppolytus (1858). The more significant of her later works are: Svx and Education (1874) ; Modern Society (1881); a Life of Margaret Fuller (1883): and valuable autobiographical Reminiscences, JS19-9a (1899). Her verse is collected in From Sunset Ridge, Poems Xew and Old (1898). HOWE, Richard, Earl (1725-99). A British admiral. He was the second son of Emanuel Scrope. second Viscount Howe of the Irish peer- age. He left school at Eton when only fourteen, and went with Anson on the Severn to attempt a V03-age around the world. He commanded the Baltimore, which, with the Greyhound a.nA Terror, fought two large French frigates off the west coast of Scotland, in 1746. The English .squadron was beaten, and Howe was severely wounded. In 1755 his ship, the Dunkirk, captured the Alcide off Newfoundland. His next senice was under Sir E. Hawke, in the expedition against Rochefort. Or- dered to attack the fort on the Isle of Aix with his ship, the Magnanime, he compelled it to surrender, and achieved the only material success which at- tended the expedition. He wa-s commodore of the Bqaiadron which sailed in 1758 for Saint-Malo. The troops were landed and reembarked without loss, after destroying all the magazines and shipping in the port. In the same year he took Cherbourg and destroyed the magazines and cannon. A sec- ond attack upon Saint-ilalo was repulsed with great loss of life. In 1758. after his brother, a brigadier-general, was killed at Ticonderoga, Howe succeeded to the Irish title of viscount and to the family estate. He continued his distin- giiished naval service to the end of the Seven Years' War. In 1760 he was made colonel of the Chatham division of marines, and afterwards a Lord of the Admiralty and Treasurer of the Na^••. In 1776 he was placed in command of the fleet on the' American coast. In 1778 he held his own iigainst a superior naval force under D'Est.aing. He was made a viscount of Great Britain in 1782. In that year he set out with a fleet to relieve Gibraltar. He succeeded in disembarking troops, ammunition, and supplies, and then offered battle to the com- bined fleets of France and Spain, which declined an engagement. This achievement gave Howe a brilliant reputation. He was made First Lord of the .dmiralty in 1783. and received an English earldom in 1788. When the war with France broke out in 1793. he took the command of the Channel fleet, and next year gained the victory known as that of 'the glorious first of .Tune.' The French fleet consisted of twenty-six ships of the line, and the English of twenty-five. Howe, in his flagship, the Queen Charlotte, engaged,, off Ushant. the French admiral, who in less than an hour crowded all the sail he could carry, followed by as many of his ships as could get away. The English captured two ships of 80 guns, and four 74's; another 74
