HUMPHREY CLINKEB. 816 HUMPHREYS. Smollett. It iianutos llic fortunes of the title character, a postilion, after he enters the ser- vice of the Brambles. He proves to be his mas- ter's natural son, and marries his mistress's maid, Winifred. The work was published in 1771, and founded partly on Anstey's Sew Bath (ruidr. and ]iarlly on the autlior* own lifi'. Tab- itha and Winifred are oliviou>ly llie literary ancestors of Sheridan's Mrs. .Malaprop; while Scott admits copying' the pedantic Lisnuihago in his Sir Uu^mUI l)al<;etty. HUM'PHREYS, Alexandeb Crombie (1851 — ), An American gas-engineer and educator, born in Edinburgh, Scotland. Having come to the United States in 1859, from ISliO to 187'2 he was a member of the staff of a New York insurance company: in 1872 was appointed sec- retary of a Greenville (X. J.) gas-light company, and "shortly afterwards its superintendent. In 1877-81 he" studied at the Stevens Institute of Technology (Hoboken, N. J.) : from 1881 to 1885 was chief "engineer of a lighting company of New York, and in 1885 was appointed superintendent of construction of a gas improvement company, of which he l)ecame general superintendent, and ultimately commercial manager, with headquar- ters at Philadelphia, Pa. He entered a London gas company in 1802, and in 1804 established a branch of the company in New York. During his connection with these various enterprises he greatly furthered the manufacture of water-gas. In liu")2 he was elected president of Stevens In- stitute t. He published: The Tirffinia Campaigns of 1S6I, and 1S65 (1882) ; From Get- tysburg to the Rapidan (1882) ; and, with H. L. Abbott, a lleport un the J'hi/sics and Hydraulics of the Mississippi Uiver (18G1). HUMPHREYS, lUviu (17521818). An .meiic;iii soldier, diplomat, and poet, l>om -n IX'rby, Conn., and educated at Yale College. At the outbreak of the llcvolutionary War he en- tered the army as e:iptain, Ix-fiinie major of a brigade under (ieneral I'lirsons in 1777, wa, made aide to General Putnam in 1778, and in 1780 became Washington's aide and military secretary. After the battle of ^orktown he was put in charge' of the colors and stjindards cap- tured from the British troops, and for his ser- vices received from General Kno.v, in 1786, a sword voted by Congress five years before. In 1784 he acted as secretary of the commission, consisting of Adams, .lelferson, I'ranklin, and others, that went to Paris to arrange eommerci:il treaties between foreign |)owers anil the I'nited States. He served in the Connecticut Legisla- ture in 178(i, participated in the suppression of Shays's Rebelliim in 1787, and from 1788 to 1700 lived with Washington's family at Alount Ver- non, where he wrote An Essoy Upon the Life of (Icn. Israel I'utiiam. From 1701 to 1707 he served as United States Minister in Lisbon, being the first diplomatic representative" of the United States ever sent to Portugal; and was then inaile Minister Plenipolenti;iry to Spain. In 1802 he returned, bringing with him the first merino sheeji introduced into the United States. Dur- ing the War of 1812 he conmianded the Connecti- cut militia. He was a fellow of the Royal So- ciety of London, and a prominent mend)er of the literary coterie known as the 'Hartford Wits.' with whom he wrote the Annrchiad. His other writings include: 7"/ic ^Vidow of Malabar, a translation of the French trag.^'dy; .In Address to the Armies of the United fHnt'es (1782) ; The llappincys of America; The Future (llory of the I'nited .S'/fi/es,' and many political papers and orations. HUMPHREYS, Hexby Voei. (1810-70). An Engli-h :uitlior, illustrator, and naturalist, born in Birmingham. Much of his early life was spent in Italy. He provided the illustrations for Westwood's liritish ^liutterfiics (1841), and for Loudon's British Wild Flowers (1850). He was the author of some niimisniatic handbooks, such as: The Coins of Enrjlnnd (1840) ; Anrirnt Coins and Medals (18.50) : two volumes of illus- trations for Froissart's Chronicles (1844); II- luminated Books of the Middle Ages (1844-40, with Owen Jones) ; and other works and illus- trations. HUMPHREYS, .Tcsiiua (1751-1838). An .Vmeiicin ^liiplniilder of Revolutionary time. Welsh by descent, but a native of llaverford. Pa., he learned his trade in Philadeljihi:i, and when it became necessary for the English colonies to have ships of their own with which to fight the mother country. Humphreys was their first builder. From that fact he was called 'the fa- ther of the American Na-y.' He built such ships as the Constitution, Chesapeake, Congress, Con- stellation. President, and United States. HUMPHREYS. Milton Wylie (1844-). An . ieriean educator, horn in West Virginia. He was educated at Washint'ton and I^ee Univer- sity, and at I>eipzig and Berlin, and from 1860 to 1875 was adjunct professor of the ancient Ian-
