ILOCOS NORTE. 478 ILXTS. Hurnay to a height of G300 feet, and covered with forests producing rieh cabinet woods. As the province is exposed in winter t« the north winds, its climate is more tempered, and more aureoable io foreigners tlian that of other parts of the island. The province is well watered, the principal river being the I'agsan or Laoaj;, and the valleys are very fertile, prmlucing, besides the grains and fruits of the temperate zone, a line quality of rice, piwd cottxjn and tol>acco, and sugar. Iron ore is abundant. The carabaos, a species of ox or buflalo iwculiar to the Philip- pines, is very numerous. The fisheries on the coast are also very lucrative, and on the whole the province is one of the best developed on the island. Communications are good; a high road leads through the province from JIanila, and a railroad is projected from that city to l.aoag (q.v.) , the capital. Ilocos Norte was united with Uocos Sur previous to 1818, when they were sepa- rated on account of their growing importance and population. Population, in 1900, 156,700. ILOCOS STJB, soor. A Philippine province, situatcil in tlic northwestern part of the island of Luzon. It is bounded on the north by Ilocos Norte, on the cast by Abra and Lcpanto, on the south by La Union, and on the west by the China Sea. It i'i a narrow strip of rather low and flat coastland with an area of 644 square miles. It is crossed by the large river Agra, and a num- ber of smaller streams; the soil is very fertile, ])roducing indigo, sugar, end cocoanuts, all of which are exported. There are manufactures of furniture and carriages, and the weaving of cot- ton te.vtiles by the women in their homes is prac- ticed all over the province. The towns are con- nected by good roads, though most of the rivers have to be forded, as there are few bridges. The high road and projected railroad from Manila to Laoag passes through the province. The popula- tion in 1900 was 172,8.30. The capital is Vigan (q.v.). See Ilocos Norte. ILOH/O, e'W-elA. A province comprising the southern half of the island of Panay in the Phil- ippines and aboit thirty, mostly small, outlying islands, one of which, however, Guimaras, is 30 miles long by 10 miles wide. The area of the province is 2(100 square miles, and its population in 1!)00 was 472.7'J8. It lias a coast-line of 270 miles with numerous safe harbors and anchoring grounds, among which those of Iloilo and Con- cepcion are the most notable. The province is separated from those of Capiz and Antique on the norlh by a chain of rugged mountiiins covered with forests, from which numerous rivers and torrents flow to the sea. often bringing destruc- tive floods. The climate, tempered by the con- stant monsoons, is much more moderate and far more healthful than that of Manila. The level lands, which constitute the greater part of the area of the province, arc very productive, all kinds of tropical fruits flouri.shing; but the in- habitants nre chiefly given to the cultivation of sugar and tobacco. The chief manufactiiring industry is that of textiles such as homespun fabrics of sinamay. pifia, jusi, etc. Commercial comnninication between the cities is easy and regular, the roads being generally in good con- dition. The greater part of the inhabitants con- sist of tril)es of Bisaya.s. with many European and Chine.se ^{es^izos, or half-breeds, in the cities, and a few Negritos in the mountains. The Bi- sayas were first converted to Christianity by the Augustine Fathers in the middle of the sixteenth century. The province sullered for a long timo from the piratical Moros, and forts were built here by the Spaniards as early as 1581. In 1010 an unsuccessful attempt was made by the Dutch to capture Panay. At the end of the Span- ish-American War in I8!)8 the natives were in Cf niplete possession of the island, and showed dftcrmined resistance to American authority. Ca|)ilal, Iloilo (q.v.). ILOILO. The capital of the Province of Iloilo (q.v.), situated on the southeastern shore of the island of Panay, on the strait separating Gui- maras Island from the mainland (Map: Philip- pine Islands, G !)). It has an excellent harbor, and is, next to Manila, the chief commercial cen- tre of the Philippines. Its chief exports are sugar, tobacco, rice, cofTee, and dyownoils. and it supports several industrial establishments, among which are a machine-shop and a foundry. It is irregularly built, but has a number of ])rominent buildings, among them a cathedral, a seminarv. and several tiovernment buildings. Population, in 1898, 10,400. In February, 1899, it was bombarded and occupied by United .States troops, ILONGOS, t^-ldn'gfis. A town of the Philip- l)ine Nliiiiils. Sec lIiLOXcos. ILONGOTE, e'16n-g«yta. A wild Malay peo- ple, of JIcjMgoloid type, in Middle Luzon. See PulLlri'INE ISLA.NDS. ILOPANGO, e'lA-pUn'giV A lake in the Cen- tral .riiiiiiMM Republic of Salvador, situated in a fertile and beautiful plain surrounded by high hills, a short distance ea.st of the capital (Map: Central America, C 4). Its water is saline and sulphurous and unlit to drink, though it abounds in fish. It is 10 miles long by 6 broad, and con- tains a number of islets, of which one was rai.sed to about 400 feet by an eruption in 1879-80, and remains in the form of a volcanic cone. ILORIN, t-C,'Tf-n, or ALORI, i-lo'rf. The capital of a British province of Northern Nigeria, West Africa, on the Asa. a tributary of the Niger, 170 miles northeast of Lagos (Map: Africa. E 4). Like Abeokeuta (q.v.), it was a municipal con- federation of the Kingdom of Yoruba, established for mutual protection. The town is surroimdcd by a mud wall 12 miles in circumference, and has several mosques, Jlohammedans predominating among the heterogeneous population of natives. It has an extensive caravan trade with Central Africa, and numerous loc^al industries, including wood-carving, potterv. and leather manufactures. Population (estimated), in 1901, 50,000. ILOW, 6'16. CiiRi.STi.x. Baron (C.15S5-1G.14). An Imperial general in the Thirty Years' War, born at Neumark. He fought bravely under Tilly at Stadtlohn (1023), and soon after was transferred to Wallenstcin's army. lie easily won the confidence of his general, and took part in the intrigues which resulted in the break be- tween Wallenstein and the Emperor. lie was assassinated at the banquet of Eger. ILSE, (-Vze, Princess. In German legend, the daughter of the giant of the Ilsenstein. who threw herself into the flood when parted from her lover, and was changed into a water spirit. IXtrS (Lat., from Gk. 'iPof). In Greek my- thologj', the repiitcd founder of Troy. He was
