| Cyrus C. Carpenter | Republican | 1872-76 |
| Samuel J. Kirkwood | “ | 1876-77 |
| Joshua G. Newbold | “ | 1877-78 |
| John H. Gear | “ | 1878-82 |
| Buren R. Sherman | “ | 1882-86 |
| William Larrabee | “ | 1886-90 |
| Horace Boies | Democrat | 1890-94 |
| Frank Darr Jackson | Republican | 1894-96 |
| Francis Marion Drake | “ | 1896-98 |
| Leslie Mortimer Shaw | “ | 1898-1902 |
| Albert B. Cummins | “ | 1902— |
Bibliography. Monette, History and Discovery of the Mississippi Valley (New York, 1846); Hyatt, Manufacturing, Agricultural, and Industrial Resources of Iowa (Des Moines, 1873); Iowa Geological Survey Publications (Des Moines, 1893 et seq.); State Historical Society Annals (Iowa City); Shambaugh, Documentary Material Relating to the History of Iowa (Iowa City, 1898).
IOWA. A river in the State of Iowa, rising in Hancock County, near the Minnesota line, and flowing southeast into the Mississippi, 35 miles north of Burlington (Map: Iowa, F 3). It is 300 miles long and navigable to Iowa City, 80 miles from its mouth.
IOWA. The Algonquian title of a tribe of American Indians, forming one of the main divisions of the great Siouan linguistic family. At the beginning of the eighteenth century they dwelt in Minnesota, and afterwards farther south in the area which now bears their name. They were called Pahotcha or Pahucha (dusty noses) in their own tongue, Ayanway by Lewis and Clarke, and Ajowes by French traders. In 1836 they were moved to the west bank of the Missouri above Wolf River, and in 1861 they ceded to the United States 16,000 acres of land. At present they number 1100, and are living on reservations in Kansas and Oklahoma.
IOWA, State University of. An educational institution for both sexes in Iowa City, Iowa, organized with an endowment by Congress of two townships of land, to which has been added a permanent annual State appropriation of $125,000, and a tax of one-fifth of a mill for building purposes, making a total annual income of over $402,000, including tuition fees. The institution was opened in 1855 and reorganized in 1860. The buildings are seventeen in number, and with the grounds are valued at about $700,000. The library suffered the loss of 25,000 volumes by a fire in 1897, and in 1902 contained about 63,000 volumes and a large number of pamphlets. The work of the university is organized in a college of liberal arts, colleges of law, medicine, homœopathic medicine, dentistry and pharmacy, a graduate department, the Iowa School of Political and Social Science, and two hospitals. The college of liberal arts confers the degrees of B.A., B.Ph., and B.S. The graduate college confers the degrees of M.A., M.S., Ph.D., civil engineer, and electrical engineer. The college of liberal arts maintains a summer session for teachers and a summer school for library training. The university provides public lectures and extension courses, and is in close touch with the educational institutions of the State through its system of accredited high schools. The attendance in 1902 (excluding duplicates) was 1512. The faculty, instructors, and administrative staff numbered 165. The publications of the university include a Natural History Bulletin, a Law Bulletin, University Studies in Psychology, and Studies in Sociology, Economics, Politics, Languages, and History. The control of the university is vested in a board of regents, consisting of the Governor of the State, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, and eleven members chosen by the General Assembly of Iowa.
IOWA CITY. A city and the county-seat of Johnson County, Iowa, 54 miles west by north of Davenport, on the Iowa River, and on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (Map: Iowa, F 3). The State University occupies the grounds and buildings of the former Capitol, and also a handsome collegiate building recently erected by the commonwealth. In Iowa City are the State Historical Society Library, Iowa City Academy. Mercy Hospital, and the medical department and homœopathic hospitals, connected with the university; and among other prominent structures are the county court-house, city hall, and opera house. An appropriation of $60,000 for a post-office building here has been made, and $25,000 has been contributed by Andrew Carnegie for a public library. The industrial establishments comprise meat-packing plants, agricultural-implement works, a large jewelry-factory, flouring-mills, knitting-mills, glove and mitten factories, broom-factories, soap and perfume factories, brick and tile works, a foundry and machine-shops, etc. The government is administered by a mayor, elected every two years, and a unicameral council. Population, in 1890, 7016; in 1900, 7987. Founded in 1839 and incorporated in 1853, Iowa City was from 1839 to 1857 the capital of Iowa Territory and State. It was connected with the East in 1855 by the completion of the Mississippi and Missouri Railroad. Consult: Shambaugh, Iowa City: A Contribution to the Early History of Iowa (Iowa City, 1893); and an article, “The Historic Capital of Iowa,” in Magazine of American History, vol. xxi. (New York, 1888).
IOWA COLLEGE. The oldest collegiate institution in the State of Iowa, founded in 1846 by an association of Congregationalists and Presbyterians at Davenport, and incorporated in the following year. The college was opened in 1848, and in 1859 it was removed to its present situation in Grinnell. The institution includes three departments, the college, the academy, and the school of music, since 1857 open to both sexes. In 1895 the collegiate courses were arranged on the group system, and lead to the degrees of B.A. and B.Ph. The college grounds include a campus of twenty-two acres, a park of four acres, and an athletic field of fourteen acres. There are six college buildings, valued in 1902 at $175,000. In that year the endowment was $360,000, with an income of $47,000. The library contained 30,000 volumes. The faculty numbered 37, and the attendance was 456, including 9 graduate students, 294 students in the college, 103 in the academy, and 87 in the school of music.
IOWA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS. A coeducational State institution at Ames, Iowa, established by act of Legislature in 1858. In 1862 the college came into possession of a grant of public lands bestowed by general act of Congress for the purpose of fostering agricultural and mechanic education. It was formally opened in 1869. It is a college of advanced technology, and organized in divisions of agriculture, engineering, veteri-
