MILMAN. 520 MILNE-EDWARDS. orders in 1817, and in 1818 was appointed Vicar of Saint Mary's, Kcadinj;. In 181S appeared liis Satiiljr, Lord of the liriyht City, an llcioic I'ocm, which was followed in 1820 hy the lull of Jeru- salem, a dramatic poem with some fine sacred Ij'rics interspersed. In 1821 ililman was chosen professor of poetrj- at Oxford, and held the position for ten years. He published three other dramatic poems, I'he Martyr of Aniioch and Belshazzar, both in 1822, and Anne lioleyn. in 1826. His Bampton Lectures on The Chariicler and Conduet of the Apostles Considered as an Evidence of Christianity appeared in 1827, and his History of the Jews (3 vols.) in 18;iO. The last of these works did not bear the author's name. Its weak point was a want of adequate learning, especially in the department of biblical criticism. A new edition, greatly improved and more critical, was pulilished in 18G3, and another, with further improvements, in 1807. He became a canon of Westminster and rector of Saint Mar- garet's, Westminster. London, in 18;i;), and the same year he published certain translations of Sanskrit poetry. In 1840 appeared a collected edition of his Poetical Works, containing some other pieces besides those already mentioned. The same year witnessed the publication of his History of Christianity from the Birth of Christ to the Abolition of Payanism in the Roman Em- pire (3 vols.). In 184!) he was made Dean of Saint Paul's, and discharged the duties of the office in such a manner as to win the title of 'the Great Dean.' In I8.'54-.')6 he published his masterpiece. History of Latin Christianity, In- cluding that of the Popes to the Pontificate of Nicholas V. (6 vols.). Milman edited Gibbon (1838) and an edition of Horace (1849), and pu1)lished translations of the Agamemnon and liaeehw (1865). He contributed extensively to the Quarterly Reriew. He died in Sunninghill, near Ascot, September 24. I8G8. A posthumous work contains his Annals of Saint Paul's Cathe- dral (1868), and another Essays on Saint Paul, Savonarola, Erasmus, cte. (1870). His historical works were republished in 15 volumes (1866- 67). Consult his hiogi-aphv by A. Milman (Lon- don, inoo). MIL'MORE, Martin (1844-83). An Ameri- can -iiilpnir. He was Imrn at Sligo, Ireland, September 14, 1844, and in 1851 was takea to Boston. His first instruction was in wood-carv- ing, but in 1860 he began his studies in sculpture with Thomas Ball in Boston. His first work to receive notice was his ide.al altorelicf "Phos- phor" (1863). In the same year he executed the statuette' "Devotion," and also an ideal child statue and cabinet busts of Longfellow and Charles Sumner. In 1864 he was commissioned to execute statues of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona for the Boston Horticultural Hall. One of his most effective pieces is his soldiers' monuinent for Forest Hills CenieteTy. Hoxbury (1867), which ranks high among .American works of art for its conception and execution. The Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument on Boston ()mmon. un- veiled in 1877. is his greatest and most elaborate work. While preparing designs for this work he resided at Rome, where he made busts of Popf Pius IX., Wendell Phillips, and Baljjh Waldo Kmerson. He died in Boston Highlands, Mass.. .Inly 21. 188.'!. . ionc other works are his life-size bust of CHiarles Sumner. Metropoli- tan Museum, Xew York City; a statue of General Thayer, West Point, X. Y. ; busts of General Grant, Lincoln, Daniel Webster, and others; war moiuimeuts at Keene, X. H.. Erie, Pa., end Charlestown and Fitchburg, Mass. With his brother he executed the great granite Sphinx in Mnuiit Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Mass. MILNE, miln, John (1850—). An English mining engineer and geologist, born in Liverpool. He was educated at King's t'ollege and the Koyal .School of Mines in London, and subsequently went to Newfoundland and Labrador, where he worked as a mining engineer. Later he was the geologist of Dr. Beke's expedition into North- western Arabia, and was then for twenty years in the service of the .Japanese (iovernnicnt. During those years he established the Seismic Survey of .Japan, which comprises 968 stations. In the course of his investigations he traveled over a great part of the world, visiting the United States, Russia, Siberia. Mongolia. Korea, China, the Kuriles, the Philippines, Borneo, and .Vustralasia, and finally devoted himself to the establishment of a seismic survey of the world. He invented seismographs and instruments to record vibrations on railways, and published important works on seismology and geology, including Earthquakes ( 1883) ; Seismology (1888); The Miner's Handbook (1894): and Crystallography. MILNE - EDWARDS, miln - ed'wards, /V. pron. mel'ni'i'dwUr', .Xi.riioNSK (1835-1900). A French zoiilogist, son of Henri Milne-Edwards, born in Paris. After holding the position of professor of zoology, he svicceeded his father as director of the Museum of Natural History. His work on fossil Crustacea appeared in 1865: an extensive and valuable treatise on the fossil l)irds of France was published in 1802-72. He also described the extinct birds of the Mascarene Islands and of Madagascar. He worked Iimg and patiently on the Crustacea, publishing el::lp i- rate reports on the deep-sea forms, in which he was assisted by E. L. Bouvier. His work on the anatomy of Limulus polyphrmus ( 1872) was per- haps his most important contribution to science. He also promoted dee])-sea explorations and studied the gcograpliical distribution of birds. MILNE-EDWARDS, Henri (1800-85). , i'ri'n 'h naturalist. b<un at Bruges. October 23. 1800: his father was an Englishman. He studied medicine in Paris, Init after taking his degree in 1823 he abandoneil medicine for natural history-. He was first appointed professor of natural history at the Lycee Henri IV. He was ap pointed in 1841 to the chair of entomology at tlic .lardin des Plantes. and afterwards was professor of zoillogy and physiology in the Faculty of the Sciences. He was author of Histoire nalirrU<- des eruslact's (1834-41): IJlcments de zooloii" (1834-37): Obserrntions sur les ascidies rom- pnsfies (1841) ; Lemons sur la physiologic et I'ana- toinic comparfc dr I'homme el des nnimaux (1857-83). He also revised Jind completed the .second edition of Lamarck's Histoire nalurrlle des aninuiu.r suns rertf^hres (1836-45). He finally became the dean of the Faculty of the Mnscum at the .Tardin des Plantes. Milne-Edwards pro- duced ehiborate and carefully illustrated works on the anatomy of worms, crustaceans, and timicates. In his great work on corals he was assisted by Haiine. He will be rememliered for establishing the doctrine of the physiological
