WURZBTJRG. 679 WYANDOT. of Franconia. The bisliopric was secularized in 1801 and assigned in 1803 to Bavaria. By the Peace of Pressburg, in 1805, the principality was transferred to Ferdinand 111., the dis- possessed Grand Duke of Tuscany. In pursuance of the acts of the Congress of Vienna (1814-15), it passed again to Bavaria. The Prussians en- tered the town on August 2, 1800. WtfRZBURG, UNivERSiry of. A German university, founded in 1402 by Bishop .Johann von Eglollstein and confirmed by a bull of Pope Boniface IX. in the same year. The institution ■was reorganized in 1.582 by Prince Bishop Julius Echter von Jlcspclbrunn on the mediicval ]iat- tern, as a Catholic uuiversitj'. It soon became the Mecca for Catholic students not only of (Jer- many, but of other European countries. The care of the faculties of theology and philosophy was left to the Jesuits, who carried on the instruc- tion until the suppression of the Order in 1773. The facult}' of law was reorganized in 1770 and that of medicine in 1807. With the union of Wiirzljurg to Bavaria began a new era for the in- stitution. It soon rose to an eminent position among German universities. Its medical faculty particularly stands high. In 1902 it consisted of the faculties of theology, law and political science, medicine, and philosophy. It had in that year an attendance of 1235. The library, founded by Karl von Dalberg, which includes the original collections, contains over 350,000 volumes. WURZEN, voortsVn. A town of the King- dom of Saxony, 15 Vi miles northeast of Leipzig, picturesquely situated on the Mulde.here spanned by two bridges (Map: Germany, E 3). Its indus- tries include iron casting, bleaching, weaving, and the manufacture of machinery, paper, wall paper, carpet, furniture, and hosiery. Popula- tion, in moo, 10.014. WtiSTENFELD, vus'tcn-felt, HEiNEicn Ferdinand ( 1808-99 ) . A German Arabic scholar. He was born at Miinden, Hanover, studied at Gottingcn and Berlin and was librarian ( 1838- 89) and professor (1842-90) at Gottingen. He published many important Arabic texts and valuable works on Arabic history and literature, including Geschichte der arnhischen Aerzte mid Naturforschcr (1840); Genealogische Tabellen der arabischen Stamme und FamUicn (1852); Te1^glcirh ii ngsta hellen der molt a in in cdan isclien undcliristlichcnZeitrechniing ( 1854; continuation by Mahler, 1887) ; Die mutthnlter von Aegypteii (1875-76); Geschichte der Fatimiden-Chalifen (1881); Die Geschiehtschrcihcr der Arabcr (1882) ; Der Iman el Hehafi'i, seine fSchiiler und Anhilnricr ( 18110-91 ). WUSTMANN, vnst'nian, GrsTAV ( 1844—) . A German philologist and historian, born in Dres- den, where he frequented the Kreuzschule, before studying philology at Leipzig in 1862-00. He then taught at the Nikolai G.^muiasiuni in Leip- zig until 1881, when appointed director of the municipal archives and city librarian. From 1879 he was also associate editor of the Greiiz- ioten and in 1897 received the title of professor. He published Apelles' Lcben und ^yerlce (1870) and the valuable contributions to the history of Leipzig: Der Leipziger Baioneister Eieronymvs hotter (1875), BeitrSge ziir Geschichte der Malerei in Leipzig vom 15. his 17. Jahrhundert (1879), Aus Leipzigs Vergangenheit (1885), Qiuilcn zur Geschichte Leipzigs (1889-95), Leip- zig diirch drei Juhrhunderle (1890), Der Mirt von Auerbachs Keller, Dr. Ueinrich Utromcr von Auerbach (1902). Much opjjosition was aroused by his publication Allerhand tiprueli.dummheiten. Kleine deulsche GrammatHc des Ziceifclhuften, dcs Falschen und des nUssHchen (3d od. 1903). Besides a collection of poems, entitled .ils der Gro.'isvatcr die Grossmutter nahm (3d ed. 1895), he edited a new a<laptation of Borehardt's Die sprieliwiirfliehen licdensarten im deutschcn Volksmund, nach Hinn vnd Ursjiriing erliiutert (5th ed. 1895). WUTH'ERING HEIGHTS. A novel by Emily Bronte, pubiislieil in 1847 under the nom de plume of 'Ellis Bell,' in tluee volumes, of which her sister's Agnes Greg formed the third. The scene is laid in Yorkshire. It is a powerful story, in which the hero and heroine love and torture each other in a world of their own quite ai)art from real life. WU TING-FANG, wHo'ting'fang' (1842—). A Chinese lawyer, diplomatic agent, and states- man, born at Singapore. At thirteen he entered Saint Paul's College in Hong Kong, where he re- mained for seven years, when he entered the ser- vice of the Colonial Government as interpreter in the law courts. In 1874 he went to London to study law, entered at Lincoln's Inn, and was called to the bar in 1877. Returning to Hong- Kong, he practiced as a barrister. In 1882 he came under the notice of the Chinese Government at Peking, was called north, and joined the official staff of Li Hung Chang, tlien Governor- General of Chih-li and the grand chancellor of the Empire. He was a member of the peace embassy at the head of which was Li Hung Chang, and assisted in negotiating the Treaty of Shimonoseki. On his return to Peking he was successively appointed vice-president of the Imperial Clan Courts a senior vice-president of the Board of War, and sujierintendent of Impe- rial railways: and in the following year (1890) was appointed Jlinister to the United States. He opposed the reenactment of the Chinese Ex- clusion Act without some modification, but was unsuccessful. In 1902 he was lecalled to act as one of the commissioners engaged in negotiating commercial treaties with the United States and other foreign nations, and in 1903 was appointed vice-president of the 'Board of Commerce,' a new Government department then establislied. WUTTKE, viiofke, Heinbich (1818-76). A German liistorian, born at Brieg in Silesia, and educated at the universities of Breslau, Berlin, and Leipzig. He became privat-docent in history at Leipzig in 1841, and was made full profes- sor in 1848. In that year he was "a member of the National Assembly at Fi'ankfort. and one of the founders of the Greater-Germany Party. His works include: I'olen und Deutsche (1847) ; Erd- Ininde und Karten de,<i Miltelalters (1854) ; Die Vtilkerschlaclit bei Leipzig (1803) : Die deutschcn Zeitschriften und die Entstehiing der (iffentUchen Meinung (3d ed., 1875) ; and an unfinished but very valuable Geschichte der Schrift und des Schrifttnms (1872). WY'ANDOT (properly Wanddt or Wendiit, of uncertain etymology), or Huron. An im-
