quaerĭt Clōdĭusnĕ (or num Clōdĭŭs) ăbĭĕrĭt? he asks if Clodius has departed?
Alternative and Particular Questions are made Indirect simply by the change of the Verb into the Subjunctive. Direct: mănetnĕ Clōdĭŭs ăn ăbĕīt? is Clodiiis staying or has he departed? Indirect: quaerĭt mănĕatnĕ Clōdĭŭs ăn ăbĭĕrĭt? he asks whether Clodius is staying or has departed? Direct: quĭs est Clōdĭŭs? cūr ăbĭīt? who is Clodius? Why has he departed? Indirect: quaerit quĭs sit Clōdĭŭs, cūr ăbĭĕrĭt ?
§ 248. Indirect Requests.—Requests are put indirectly in the Infinitive with the Accusative after iŭbĕŏ, but in the Subjunctive with ŭt after other Verbs. Clōdī, ăbī depart, Clodius becomes, iŭbĕt Clōdĭum ăbīre or impĕrăt Clōdĭō ŭt ăbĕăt he orders Clodius to depart.
So Negative Requests (Prohibitions) are put in the Infinitive with the Accusative after vĕtō {forbid), but in the Subjunctive with nē or 'ŭt . . nē after other Verbs, nē ăbĭĕrīs, Clōdi do not depart, Clodius, becomes vĕtăt Clōdĭum ăbīrĕ or impĕrăt Clōdĭō nē ăbĕăt he orders Clodius not to depart.
§ 249. Dependent Sentences in Indirect Quotation.—The Verbs of all Dependent Sentences in Indirect Quotation must be in the Subjunctive according to (C) § 187. Clōdĭŭs ăbĭīt ŭbĭ rem cōgnōvĭt Clodius departed when he heard of the occurrence, becomes dīcīt Clōdĭum ăbĭissĕ ŭbĭ rem cognōvĕrĭt.
§ 250. Tenses in Indirect Quotation.—For the tenses of the Infinitive see § 204. The tenses of the Subjunctive generally follow the rules of Sequence as laid down in § 226. Thus, after a Secondary tense, the Primary tenses of the Direct Quotation are changed to Secondary; the Present and Future to the Imperfect, the Perfect and Future Perfect or the Pluperfect. Clōdĭŭs ăbĭīt ŭbĭ rem cōgnōvĭt, becomes after dīxĭt he said, dīxĭt Clōdĭum ăbĭissĕ ŭbĭ rem cōgnōvissĕt.
After a Primary tense, however, the Secondary tenses to the Direct Quotation remain unchanged: Clōdĭŭs īrāscēbātŭr quŏd falsă allātă ĕrant Clodius was angry because false tidings had been brought to him, is in the Indirect Quotation dīcĭt Clōdĭum irāscī quŏd falsă allātă essent.
In immediate construction after a Present, an Imperfect or Perfect Aorist is generally given by a Perfect Subjunctive : laudăt Afrĭcānum Pănaetĭŭs quod fŭĕrĭt abstĭnēns Panaetius praises Africanus because he was moderate.
