f pencils.
appreciation of art and does not encourage higher standards, and events themselves , like fire, flood and earthquake, sudden
death and accident, may encourage deception of a more or less grave nature , even though at times the essential truthfulness
of the spirit may be retained .56 It is but a step from this form of deception to a deliberate
misrepresentation conceived with the definite idea of proving thatblack is white.57 In view of the largenumber of supposititious 56 H . Leach writes of one block that with chipping, smudging, and other artifices has done duty as a view of Port Arthur, the battle of Santiago, a
scene in the West End of London , a railway accident, and massacres in Africa . - Fleet Street from Within , p . 37.
In sketching the death -bed of Gladstone, the artist by making a few changes used a sketch originally made for the death -bed of Bismarck .
K . L . Smith , “ Newspaper Art and Artists,” Bookman , August, 1901, 13 : 549- 556 .
[E . V . Lucas,] All the Papers has many clever satires on the way the same illustration may be made to serve a dozen different ends.
Sir Mark Sykes and Edmund Sandars have given in D 'Ordel's Pantech nicon a clever skit on the production of the illustrated magazine, - it includes " directions exposing the whole manual art of the trade " and is “ a perfect model for the guidance of students.” 57 Sidney Whitman states that he had seen an illustrated paper giving harrowing pictures of women and children being massacred in a church .
Such pictures were drawn by artists who arrived in Constantinople after the news of the outbreak on the Ottoman Bank in 1896 had spread to Western Europe and they were commissioned to supply the demand for pictures of atrocities. The demand could be met only by inventing what they could by no possibility have witnessed . - Turkish Memories, p . 29 . “ German war-photographs are supplied to various Italian newspapers,
which being provided with Italian text, can be printed as they are , and , according to the intention of the German enlighteners, should serve to give
the Italian reader an appropriate and sympathetic picture of our army and our method of warfare. The Italian newspapers accept the material for illustration , which is supplied gratis, with joy , and print it . But sometimes
after altering the explanatory text! Thus, for example , the following swindle
was perpetrated by a Roman newspaper. A photograph, which , according to the Italian text appended , represents the transportation of a flying machine by Germans of the landwehr, appeared in print with the legend , ‘ A
captured German flying-machine being taken in triumph to Petrograd'.” — Kölnische Zeitung, December 9, 1914 , in A Month 's German Newspapers , selected and translated by A . L . Gowans, pp . 122 – 123 .
“ A reliable correspondent of the New York Times, Mr. Charles Selden , sends to his newspaper a story told him by an American army officer recently back from Italy . As an instance of superior intrigue the story seems almost
too Machiavellian to be true. 'In (Fiume],' says this American officer, ' the Italian government officials recently got the populace together at a great open -air meeting for the distribution of food . After the supplies had been given out, the crowd was asked if they wanted a further distribution of food , and , if so, to indicate their desire by raising their hands. All hands in that
immense crowd went up. Photographs were taken that instant, and later
