Ibn 112 Ibn I. Ibn-Abi Tai, ^ (^t, author of the wori called Kitab " Ax Eauzatain." Ibn- Abu TJsaibia, Muwaffik-uddin Abu'l Abbas Ahmad, ^^'^^^^ tHi -J^' u-'■^*^l>^' t^^*^* (iV", au- thor of the Arabic -work called " 'Ayun-al-Anba-fi-Tabkat- ul-Atibba," i. e., Fountains of Information respecting the classes of Physicians. This book v^as translated by the author into Arabic from the Sanskrit at the commencement of the 13th century of our era. In the 1 2th chapter of this work, he gives an account of all the Physicians who were from India. Of one, whom he calls Kanka-al-Hindi, he says. He was skilful as a philosopher amongst the ancient philosophers of India, and one of the greatest of men. He investigated the art of physic, the power of medicines, the nature of compound substances, and the properties of simple substances. He was the most learned of all men in the form of the universe, the composition of the heavenly bodies, and the motions of the planets. An extract from the above work is given ia the " Journal of the Eoyal Asiatic Society, No. 11," by the Rev. W. Cure- ton ; with remarks by Professor H. H. Wilson. Ibn- Abu Usaibia died in 1269 A. D., 668 A. H. Ibn-Arabi, est;* O^'j surname of Shaikh Muhl-uddiri Abu'Abdullah-bin-Muhammad-bia-'AH-al-Tai-al-Hatimi- al-Andalusi, a celebrated doctor of Damascus to whom, the Muhammadans pretend, was dictated or inspired, or sent from heaven, by their prophet in the year 1229 A. D., a book of mystical divinity, called " f asus-ul-Hakam." It contains 27 Hukams or Instructions ; each of which is attributed to one of the ancient patriarchs or prophets, excepting the last, which belongs to Muhammad, and is entitled " Hakam Fardiyat Muhammadiat." The Musal- man doctors are very much divided as to the merit of this work ; for some praise it, and others absolutely reject it, as being full of superstition and falsehood. He is also the author of several other works, one of which is called " Fatuhat Makkia." He died in 1240 A. D., 638 A. H._ There appears to be another Ibn-'Arabi who died in. Sarmanrae in Baghdad in the year 1040 A. D., or 431 A. H., and who was also an author of several works. Ibn-Arabsbah, (^1, surname of Ahmad-bin-Mu- hammad, a native of Damascus, who besides a collection of Tales, wrote several other works in a very polished style, the most celebrated of which is a history of the Life of Amfr Taimur (Tamerlane) entitled "'Ajaeb-ul- Makdur." He died at Damascus ia the year 1450 A. D., 85 4' A. H. Vide Arab Shah. Ibn-Amin, tJii^' i^i^, vide Ibn-Yamfn or Amir Mahmud. Ibn-Asir, l:^'f'j al-Shaibani Majd-uddm, also called Jazari, a most celebrated Arabian author of whom we have several works. He is the author of the Arabian work on Jurisprudence entitled " Jama'-ul-Usul," a work having great authority. Another of his works is called " Kamil-ut-Tawarikh." He is by some authors called Abu'l Sa'adat. Mubarik-bin-Asfr-al-Jazari, commonly called Ibn-Asir. He died 1209 A. D., 606 A. H. Vide Jazari. Ibn-Askar, i:^'?', an author who wrote the history of Damascus, Ibn-Babawia, i:;^^ vide Abu Ja'far Muhammad bin-' AH-bin-Babawia. Ibn-Batuta, Cf-J'^ the Arab traveller whom Muham- mad Tughlak made Judge of Dehli, was the author of the work called "Travels of Ibn-Battita," which has been translated from Arabic by the Eev. S. Lee, B. D. London, 1829. Ibn-Batuta performed his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1332 A. D., 732 A. H. His work containa few facts concerning Arabia. His whole accovtnt of Mecca is " May God ennoble it." Ibn-Bauwab, v!^ W-^ vide Bauwab. Ibn-Dahan, *^'* "^ilii uH', author of a dictionary and of a work entitled " Gharfb-ul-Kuran" which is also called "Jam- hira." He died at Baghdad in 933 A. D., 321 A. H. Ibn-Pakhr-Tiddin Anju, ^^^1 ly^t, author of the *' Farhang Jahangiri," vide Jamal-uddin Husain Anju. Ibn-Farat, (ii'f'j author of the Geographical Memoirs of Egypt. Ibn-Farghani, ts^'-^ W^'^ Shaikh Abu Bakr Wasiti, a saint, who died about 320 A. H. Ibn-Pourak, t3)^ cH'j vide Fourak. Ibn-Gbayas, ^^i^ ly^'j vide Kamal-uddin Muhammad (Khwaja). Ibn-Hajar, Shahab-uddin, ii>^' ii^^*^-*' v^, son of 'AH 'Uskalam, an Arabian author who wrote more than a hundred books, among which are " Lisan-ul- Mfzan," and Asaba. He died in 1449 A. D., 863 A. H., vide Shahab-uddin Abu'l Fazl-al-'Uskalani. Ibn-Hajar Yehsami or Yehthami, ts^t^ son of Badr-uddui, author of the work called " Sa- waik Muhrika," and several other books. He died in 1566 A. D., 974 A. H. Ibn-Hajib, Vr^^ i^}, an Arabian author of several works. He died at Alexandria in the year 1248 A. D., 646 A. H. He is the author of the two commentaries called " Kafia and Shafia." Ibn-Hanbal, d-*"^ i^}, whose proper name is Abu 'Ab- dullah Ahmad-ash-Shaibani-al-Marwazf, but generally known by the name of Ibn-Hanbal, was the founder of the fourth Sunni sect. This learned doctor, who was a pupil of Shafa'i, strenuously upheld the opinion that the Kuran was uncreated, and that it had existed from all eternity. Since, however, it happened unfortunately that the Khalifa Al-Mustansir maintained tho contrary doc- trine, Ibn-Hanbal was greatly persecuted for his persistent opposition to that monarch's favorite belief. Vide Hanbal, Ibn-Hanbali, (^■^^ surname of Muhammad-bin- Ibrahim Hanbali, author of the " Uddat-ul-Hasib-wa- Umdat-ul-Masahib," a book of Arithmetic. He died 1563 A. D., 971 A. H., and is the author of several other works. Ibn-Hasham, e^', the author of the Sirat-ul- Easul or Biography of the Prophet. His native place was Old Cairo, where he died in 828 A. D., 213 A. H. An abridgment of his work was made at Damascus in 1307 A. D., 707 A. H., by one Ahmad Ibn-Ibrahlm. Ibn-Hasbam, •-"•^ tyf (•'**^ tyVl, son of Yusaf, author of several Arabic works, among which are "Touzih," " Sharah Alfia," &c. &c. He died 1361 A. D., 762 A. H.
