Khaef Kaslimiri, Maulana, (
Arabic characters), a poet.
Khafi, (Arabic characters) poetical title of Mír Abúl Hasan Khán,
author of a poem called " Chahár Dervish."
Khafi Khan, (Arabic characters) whose original name is Muhammad Háshim, was the author of the work called " Tárikh
Kháfi Khán," which is also called "Muntakhib-ul-Luháb,"
an excellent history of Hindustan, commencing with the
invasion of the emperor Bábar Sháh, 1619 A. D., 925
A. H., and continued to the accession of Muhammad
Sháh; comprehending the whole of the reign of the emperor 'Alamgir, also those of Bahádur Sháh, Jahándár
Sháh, Farrukh-siyar, and Rafí-ud-darját; all of which,
except the first ten years of 'Alamgír's reign, Colonel
Dow was obliged to pass over, for want of documents.
There are few works in the Persian language (says
Stewart) so worthy of being translated. The author was
a person of good family, who resided at Dehli during the
latter part of the reign of 'Alamgír, where he compiled
his history ; but in consequence of the well-known prohibition of that monarch, he was obliged to conceal his
intentions, and for some other causes did not publish it
till the 14th year of the emperor Muhammad Sháh, 1732
A. D., 1145 A. H. The work was well received, and the
author was honoured with the title of Kháfí Khán, or
the Clandestine Lord.
Khaiyam,(Arabic characters) vide 'Umar Kháiyam.
Khaju, (Arabic characters), vide 'Khwájú.
Khakan, (Arabic characters), the title of Changez Khán and his descendants. It means an emperor in the Turkish dialect.
Khakani, (Arabic characters)) a celebrated Persian poet surnamed
Afzal-uddín Ibráhím bin-' Alí Shírwání. He was a native
of Shírwán, and the pupil of Falakí the poet. He flourished in the reign of Kháḳán Manúchchr, prince of
ShÍrwán, who conferred on him the title of Khákáni.
He is the author of the book called " Tuhfat-ul-Iráḳín,"
a poetical description of the two provinces of 'Iráḳ 'Ajam
and 'Iráḳ 'Arab, composed by him while travelling
through them on a pilgrimage to Mecca. He is consi-
dered the most learned of the lyric poets of Persia, and
was called " Sulṭán-ush-Shu'ará" or king of poets. He
is also the author of a Diwan, according to Daulat Shah,
and the book called " Haft Aklim," he died at Tabrez in
the year 1186 A. D., 682 A. H., and is buried at Surkhab,
where, close to his tomb, Zahir-uddrn Faryabi and Sháh
Ghafúr Naishápúrí are also interred. The chronogram
of the year of his death given in the work " Mukhbir-ul-
Wasilin," shews that he died in 1199 A. D., 695 A. H.
Khaki, (Arabic characters), author of the "Munáḳib-ul-'Arifín." This
book contains the memoirs of three xevy celebrated Sufi
Shaikhs, viz., Khwája Bahá-uddín, Burhán-uddín, and
Jalál-uddín. The former of these was reputed a great
saint, and was the founder of an Order of Súfís, distinguished by the title of Naḳshbandí. He died at Haráfa
in Persia, 1453 A. D., 857 A. H. The two others were
authors of commentaries on the Ḳurán, and were held in
much veneration. The above-mentioned book was dedi-
cated to Bahá-uddín.
Khaki Shirazi, (Arabic characters), author of a Persian Díwán.
Khaksar, (Arabic characters), poetical name of Shukr-ulláah Khán, who
died in 1696 A. D., 1108 A. H., and has left a Díwán.
Khaldlin, (Arabic characters), vide Khálidún.
Khalif or Khalifas, (Arabic characters), of the house of Muhammad,
see Abú Bakr Siddíḳ.
Khalif or Khalifas, (Arabic characters), of the race of Umayya
who reigned at Damascus, vide Mu'awia I.
Khalif or Khalifas, (Arabic characters), of the house of 'Abbás
called 'Abbásí or 'Abbásides, who reigned at Baghdad, vide
Al-Saffáh.
Khalif or Khalifa, (Arabic characters), this Arabic word, which signi-
fies vicar or successor, of which we have formed that of
Khalíf or Caliph, is the name of a sovereign dignity
amongst the Musalmáns, which comprehends an absolute
power, and an independent authority over all that re-
gards religion and political government. Not only the
first four immediate successors of Muhammad, hut the
rulers of the house of Umayya, vsrritten by us Ommaides,
who reigned in Damascus, and the 'Abbásides who reigned
in Baghdád, were also called Khalífas. There were in all
66 Khalífas, 4 of whom were of the house of the prophet,
16 of the house of Umayya, and 37 of the house of 'Abbás.
Khalid ihn-Barmak, (Arabic characters), was the first of
the Barmakides, who acted as wazír to Abú'l 'Abbás
Saffáh. He was the grandfather of Ja'far, wazír to Hárún-al-Rashid. He died in the year 780 or 782 A. D., 163 or 165 A. H.
Khalid ibn-Walid, (Arabic characters), became a proselyte to Muhammadanism in 630 A. D., and afterwards so
terrible to the Greeks; was called from his courage, the
Sword of God. In spreading the doctrines of the Ḳurán,
and the dominion of the prophet, he committed atrocious
cruelties, and was at last cut off by the plague in 639
A. D., but according to Ockley's History of the Saracens,
Abú Ubeda died that year, and Khálid survived him
about three years, and then died.
Khalid ibn-Yezid ibn-Mua'wia, (Arabic characters), he
is reported to have been the most learned of the tribe of
Ḳuresh in all the different branches of knowledge, and
skilled in the art of alchymy. He died in 704 A. D., 85
A. H.
Khalidi, (Arabic characters) surname of Abú'l Faraj, one of the first
poets of the court of the Sultan Saif-uddaula Hámdani.
He was a native of Kháldia or Chaldea, consequently he
is called Khálidi.
Khalidun, (Arabic characters), or 'Abdul Rahmán bin-Muhammad
bin-Khálidún, surnamed Alhazramí, was an author and
Ḳází of the city of Aleppo when Amír Timur took it,
who carried him away to Samarḳand as a slave, where he
died 1406 A. D., 808 A. H.
Khalil bin-Ahmad, (Arabic characters), of Basra,
a very learned man who is said to be the first that wrote
on the art of writing poetry. He wrote several works
and died about the year 175 A. H.
Khalil ibn-Is-hak, (Arabic characters), author of a Mukh-
tasir which goes after his name. This is a work profess-
edly treating of the law according to the Málikí doctrines,
and has been translated into French by M. Perron and
published in the year 1849.
Khalil, (Arabic characters), the poetical title of Alí Ibráhím Khán,
which see.
