'Azam 61 Babar 'Azam Shah, 2*'-* (*^^, the third son of the emperor Alamgu-, was born on the 11th July, 1653 O. S., 25th Shaban, 1063 A. H. After his father's death (his eldest brother Bahadur Shah being then at Kabul) he was crowned in the garden of Shalimar at Ahmadabad in the Dakhan on the 4th March, 1707 O. S., 10th Zil-hijja 1118 A. H., but was soon after slain, together with his two sons Bedar Bakht and Walajah, in a battle fought against his eldest brother at Jajowan between Agra and Dholpur. This circumstance took place on Sunday the 8th of June, 1707 0. S., 18th Kabi' I, 1119 A. H., three lunar months and eighteen days after his father's death. His mother's name was Bano Begam, the daughter of Shahnawaz Khan. He was buried in the mausoleum of Humayun at Dehli'^ His two youngest sons who stuwived him were 'All Tabar and Bedar Dil. 'Azmat-ullah, ^t*' '^♦.Lc^ (or Uzmat-ullah) Shah, author of the " Mazhar-ul-Asrar," being a long dissertation on the nature of the diviaity, the soul, and other abstruse subjects on Sufiism. ' Azra, b'^"} name of the celebrated piistress of Wamik. Aaraki, ls^jJ' commonly called Hakim Arzaki, or Azraki, was a physician and a poet. He was a native of Mars, and flourished ia the rejgn of Tughral III, Saljuki, king of Persia, in whose name he wrote several books. Arzaki died in 1189 A. D., 685 A. H. His Diwan con- tains nearly 2,000 verses. He is also said to be the author of a work called " Kitab Sindbad." His proper name is Abu'l Mahasin Abu • Bakr Zain-ud-din, son of Isma'il Warrak. He Latroduced himself into the society and confidence of the Saljuki priace Tughan Shah I, the seat of whose government was Naishapiir, by the com- position of a most obscene book which he called "Alfia Shalfia," illustrated with pictures. This book appears to be a version of the K6k Shashtar. He is called Azraki in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for 1844, Vol. XIII, Part 11, p. 620, and stated to be the author of a history of Mecca, of which ancient work several MSS. are in Europe, especially one at Cambridge which has been left there by Dr. Burckhardt, who in the preface to his Travels in Arabia, professes to have largely made use of it. Azur, j '^'^} the poetical name of Lutf 'Alf Beg, author of the Tazkira called " ' Ataishkada Azur." He was engaged in the compilation of this work in 1765 A. D., 1179 A. H., and was alive in 1782 A. D., 1196 A. H. He never came to India. Azuri Razi, (Sjb <SJ'^'^) a native of Eei in Persia, was a celebrated poet who lived at the court of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni. On one occasion he received a pre- sent of 14,000 dii-hams from the Sultan for a short pane- gyric. Azuri (Shaikh), iS)'^^ Isfaraeni, whose original name was Jalal-uddm Hamza, was a pious Musalman and an excellent poet. He came to Dakhan from Persia in the reign of Sultan Ahmad Shah Wali Bahmani, 1432 A. D., 835 A. H., and returned again to Khurasan, his native country, where he died in the year 1462 A. D., 866 A. H., aged 82 lunar years. He is the author of several works, among which are " Jawahir-ul-Asrar," " Tughrae Humayun," and " Samrat Fruits," which con- sists of four books, viz. " Almakri Tama," " 'Ajaeb-ud- dunia, " 'Ajaeb-ul-'Ala," and " Sa'i-us-Safa." He also left a Diwan of 30,000 verses. He adopted the poetical name of 'Azuri, because he was born ia the Persian month of Azur. His tomb is at Isfaraen, and was at the time of Daulat Shah so sacred, that convicts found an asylum there from the hands of justice. He is also the author <if another poetical work called " Bahman Nama." Vide All Hamza. 'Azz-uddin Abdul Aziz, 'Azz-uddin. B. Baba, ^ 'j, a Turkish impostor, who announced himself in 1260 A. D., as the messenger of God; and collected a number of adherents, at whose head he laid waste Natolia. He was at last overpowered and his sect dispersed ; vide Babak. Baba Afzal Kashi, tX^jj ^ tj, an author. Baba Pighani, c^-*^' k 'j, a poet of Persia who served under Sultan Ya'kub the son of Uzzan Hasan, and died m the year 1519 A. D., 925 A. H., at Khurasan. He has left a Di'wan containing 6,000 verses. Baba Kaighusiz, jr^^'^^M (Father without Anxiety) a dervish who flourished in the reign of Murad III, and was author of the 'Abdullah-Nama. Baba Lai Guru, J^^ 'j, a Hindu of the tribe of Khattn's, who was a Hindi poet and flourished in the time of J ahangir. He was an inhabitant of Malwa. Baba 'Isa, i^-^^^M or 'I'sa Langotesband. His tomb is in Tatta in Siadh. The inscription gives the year 1514 A. D., 920 A. H. Babak, "-^ ^, the father of Ardsher Babakan, which see. Babak, "-^ ^i, an impostor, who first appeared in 816 A. D., 201 A. H., when he began to take upon him the title of a prophet. What his particular doctrine was, is now unknown ; but his religion is said to have differed fi-om all others then known in Asia. He gained a great number of proselytes in 'Azarbafjan and Persian 'Irak, where he soon grew powerful enough to wage war with the khalif Al-Atamiin, whose troops he often beat, so that he was become extremely formidable in the begin- ning of the khalifa Al-Mu'ta'sim's reign. The general sent by the khalff to reduce him, was Haidar-ibn-Kaiis, sumamed Afshui, a Turk by birth. By him Babak was defeated with prodigious slaughter, no fewer than 60,000 men being killed in the first engagement. The next year 835 A. D., 220 A. H., he received a still greater over- throw, losing 100,000 men either killed or taken prisoners. By this defeat he was obliged to retire into the Gordian mountains, where he fortified himself in such a manner, that Afshin found it impossible to reduce him till the year 837 A. D., 222 A. H., when he was forced to surrender to Afshfn, upon that general's promising him pardon. But Afshin no sooner had him in his power, than he fii-st caused his hands and feet, and afterwards his head to be cut off. Babak had supported himself against the power of the khalffs for upwards of 20 years, during which time he had cruelly massacred 250,000 people, it being his custom to spare neither man, woman, nor child of the Muliammadans or their allies. Baba Eatan, iii'j ^ ^ ^J^-^, surnamed Abii Eaza, a pious Musalman, who is said, by Daulat Shah, to be one of the disciples of Jesus Christ, and that he lived to an advanced age of 1400 years, and died about the beginning of the 1 3th century of the Christian era. Babar Shah, »^ y. ^ '^-^ U^<* jii^, surnamed ■ Zahir-ud-din iluhammad, the ancestor of the Mughal emperors of Dehli, was the sixth in descent from Amir Taimur (Tamerlane). His father 'Umar Shaikh Mirza, was the son of Abii Sa'id Blirza, the son of Muhammad Mirza, the son of Miranshah, the son of Amir Taimur. His mother's name was Kutlagh Nigar, Kh&nam, daugh- 16
