Page:The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, Volume I.pdf/65

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FREE TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY[1]

Title, Date, and Scribe

Accurate reckoning. The entrance into the knowledge of all existing things and all obscure secrets. This book was copied in the year 33, in the fourth month of the inundation season, under the majesty of the king of Upper and Lower Egypt, ꜥA-user-Rêꜥ, endowed with life, in likeness to writings of old made in the time of the king of Upper and Lower Egypt, Ne-maꜥet-Rêꜥ. It is the scribe Aꜥh-mosè who copies this writing.

  1. In the following pages I have endeavored to give in clear smooth English a free translation of the Rhind papyrus with some notes explaining details. In some places I have put in words or clauses that are omitted from the original, but found in other problems of the same group, or are required to express what I believe is the true meaning of the Egyptian. In some places where parts of a solution are misplaced I have arranged them in their proper order (see, for example, Problems 32 and 69). More particularly, I have corrected numerical mistakes and careless slips in the way of writing numbers. The reader will find the exact words of the original in the Literal Translation, and all corrections that have been made in the Free Translation may be found by a comparison of the two.

    Notes giving explanations or interpretations of the text, except such as have been included in the Introduction, are placed in the following pages with the problems to which they refer. Notes relating to the Egyptian language or writing are placed with the Literal Translation.