Page:The Sources of Standard English.djvu/152

Shy	Skygg, Swedish
Scowl	Skule, Danish
Skull	Skal, Danish
Scraggy	Skrekka, Norse
Skulk	Skjol, Norse
Sluggish	Slœki, Norse
Smoulder	Smul, Danish, dust
Windohe, window	Vindauga, Icelandic

Many an Old English word has been driven out by these Scandinavian strangers. Moreover, I add a list of many words, which Southern England had in common with our Dutch and Low German kinsmen. England seems now to have rid herself of her old prejudice against beginning words with the letter p.

Bounce, punch	Bonzen	Puff	Poffen
Brink	Brink	Pick	Picken, to use a sharp tool
Cackle	Kakelen
Cleppe, clapper	Klappe	Pack	Pack
Costnede, cost	Kosten	Scrape	Schrapen
Cur[1]	Korre	Snatch	Snacken
Giggle	Giggen	Spat, macula	Spat
Hag	Hacke	Squint	Squinte
Hurl	Horrelen	Toot	Toeten, blow a horn
Pig[2]	Bigge
Pot	Pot	Tattle	Tatelu

We find also in this work harlot, a vagabond, from the Welsh herlawd, a youth; the word is used by Chaucer without any bad sense. From the same Celtic source come cudgel and griddle, now first seen in English, Peoddare, a pedlar, is also found for the first time;

1. This, as now, might express a poltroon.
2. In Salop, the old Scandinavian gris (the Sanscrit ghrishti) isused instead of pig; hence our griskin: some curious English rimesin the Lanercost Chronicle turn on the former word.