224
The Sources of Standard English.
see the French crier beginning to drive out the old English gridan. These kindred words are often found alongside each other in this Century; and unhappily it is usually the French one that has held its ground. It is now and then hard to tell whether some of our commonest words are home-born or of French growth, so great is the confusion between the Teutonic words brought to the Thames by Hengist, and the kindred words brought to the Seine by Clovis and afterwards borne across the channel by William the Conqueror. The kinsmanship in meaning and sound must have bespoken a welcome in England for these French strangers that follow.
| Old English | French | Old English | French |
| Acofrian | Recouvrir | Heard | Hardi |
| Astundian | Estonner | Hasti | Hastif |
| Abeatan | Abattre | Hereberg | Herbier |
| Alecgan | Aloyer | Hurlen | Hareler |
| Ange | Anguisse | Yrre | Ire |
| Bigalian | Guiler | Lafian | Laver |
| Biwreʓen | Bitraie | Laga | Lei |
| Brysan | Briser | Lagu | Lac |
| Cempa | Champioun | Line | Ligne |
| Logian[1] | Loger | ||
| Ceosan | Choisir | Miðla (Icelandic) | Mesler |
| Dareð | Dard | ||
| Eaþ | Eise | Nefe | Neveu |
| Feorme | Ferme | Flatr (Icelandic) | Plat |
| Feorren | Forain | ||
| Frakele | Fraile | Priss (Icelandic) | Pris |
| Fy^lan | Defouler | ||
| Geard | Gardin | Ric | Riche |
| Gote | Gouttière | Rypere | Robeor |
| Wise | Guise | Solian | Soillier |
| Gesamnian | Assembler | Spendan | Despender |
- ↑ This has only a transitive sense.
