We are now at the central point of Revisionism, the point from which everything else in the theories of the Revisionists radiates and to which everything in their arguments gravitates. The casus belli which moves all their hosts—the Social Revolution. The red flag of the social revolution is the red cloth the sight of which none of them can bear. Whatever their disagreements, and they are not few, they are all agreed that the social revolution wouldn't, shouldn't and couldn't come. Struve proves it philosophically, Tugan-Baranowsky proves it economico-mathematically, Oppenheimer proves it sociologically. Bernstein proves it by a composite method which cannot easily be classified, and the rest of them in any old way.
What is this social revolution which has thus aroused them? It is not, of course, the fact of the change from the capitalist to the socialist order. They all, or almost all, believe in that, in some form or other. It is the particular form or manner in which it is to come about, according to the Marxian teaching, to which they object. It is the implication of the suddenness of the change, and the violent manner in which it will be brought about as the culmination of a struggle, that arouses their opposition. The change could, should and would come in all imaginable ways, but none of them will be sudden or violent. For they are all violently opposed to violence. And not only physical violence, but any kind of violence or disturbance. Therefore, socialism will come, according to their notion, as a gradual enlargement or a gradual diminution of capi-
