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both old and young, in all parts of the world, at all times of history, has not some underlying and terrible truth however rare this may be in its more remarkable manifestations.

Notes to Chapter IV.

• 1  R. Campbell Thompson. The Devils and Evil Spirits of Babylonia, London, 1903, vol. I, p. xxviii, n.
• 2  Leonard W. King. Babylonian Religion, p. 75.
• 3  Op. cit., p. xxv.
• 4  King, Babylonian Religion, p. 176; Gilgamish Epic, Tablet xii.
• 5  Campbell Thompson, op. cit., p. xxx.
• 6  The Night-fiend idlu lilî is the male counterpart of the Night-wraith, ardat lilî. Idlu is the word used for a grown man of full strength.
• 7  Ea was the great god whose emanation always remained in water, and accordingly who was invoked with lustrations and aspersions of lymph.
• 8  Campbell Thompson, op. cit., pp. 37–49.
• 9  Northcote W. Thomas, Anthropological Report on the Ibo-speaking Peoples of Nigeria, London, 1913, I, 57sqq.
• 10  Le Sieur de la Borde, “Relation de l’Origine, Moeurs, Coustumes, Religion, Guerres et Voyages des Caraibes sauvages des Isles Antilles de l’Amerique,” Recueil de divers Voyages faits en Afrique et en l’Amerique, qui n’ont point esté encore publiez. Paris, 1684.
• 11  E. Young, The Kingdom of the Yellow Robe, Westminster, 1898.
• 12  Y. Scheffer, Lapponia, Frankfort, 1673, p. 313.
• 13  Ignaz V. Zingeric, Sitten, Braüche und Meinungen des Tiroler Volkes, 2nd edition. Innsbruck, 1871.
• 14  “On a Far-off Island,” Blackwood’s Magazine, February, 1886; p. 238.
• 15  Campbell Thompson, op. cit., I, pp. 69–71.
• 16  Among the illustrations of prehistoric utensils.
• 17  In a private letter to myself, 24th March, 1928.
• 18  Satirae, I, v, 64.
• 19  For much relating to Chinese Vampires I am indebted to Mr. G. Willoughby-Meade’s Chinese Ghouls and Goblins, Constable, London. Published March, 1928.
• 20  Thomas J. Hutchinson, “On the Choco and other Indians of South America,” Transactions of the Ethnological Society of London, N.S. iii (1865), p. 327.
• 21  Monica Williams, Religious Thought and Life in India, London, 1883, p. 354.
• 22  H. Vambery, Das Türkenvolk, Leipsic, 1885, p. 112.
• 23  H. Ternaux-Compans, Essai sur l’ancien Cundinamara, Paris, (s.d.), p. 18.
• 24  George Turner, LL.D., Samoa, a Hundred Years ago and long before, London, 1884, p. 200.
• 25  W. Drexler apud W. H. Roscher, Ausführliches Lexikon der griechischen und römischen Mythologie, s.u. “Men.”
• 26  Hans Egede, A Descriptign of Greenland, London, 1818, p. 209.
• 27  Revue des Traditions Populaires, xv (1900), p. 471.
• 28  Cf. The Tempest, II, 2, where Caliban is alluded to as a “moon-calf.”

Stepheno: “How cam’st thou to be the siege of this moon-calf?”
Trinculo: “I hid me under the dead moon-calf’s gaberdine for fear of the storm.”

In Dryden and Davenant’s The Tempest, or the Enchanted Island, 4to, 1670, II, Trincalo calls Caliban “perverse Moon-calf.”

The same phrase is reproduced in Shadwell’s operatic The Tempest or, The Enchanted Island, 4to, 1674.

• 29  Constable’s, London, 1928.