is afforded. Their bills and feet are now quite black, the eye dark, and they
do not change these colours until the second spring after their birth, when
the bill is dull yellow, the legs and feet of a greenish flesh-colour, and these
parts gradually improve in their tints until they acquire the appearance re-
presented in the plate. This species raises only one brood in the season, and
old and young leave the coast of Labrador at the first appearance of winter,
or when the Ivory Gull reaches that country. This, however, I know only
from hearsay, having received the information from a settler at Bras d'Or,
who has lived there many years, and must know something of both species,
as he was in the habit of salting young Kittiwakes for winter provisions,
along with those of other species, and of shooting the Ivory Gull when it
arrived over his harbour in the month of December.
The Kittiwake is on land the most awkward of its tribe; and, although it walks often on the rocks, its gait manifests a waddling gaucherie; but on the water, or in the air, few birds surpass it in buoyancy, grace, and ease of motion. Bearing up against the heaviest gale, it passes from one trough of the sea to another, as if anxious to rest for an instant under the lee of the billows; yet as these are seen to rear their curling crests, the Gull is already several feet above them, and preparing to plunge into the next hollow. While in our harbour, and during fine weather, they seemed to play with their companions of other species. Now with a spiral curve, they descend toward the water, support themselves by beats of their wings, decline their heads, and pick up a young herring or some bit of garbage, when away they fly, chased perhaps by several others anxious to rob them of the prize. Noon has arrived. High above the mast-head of our largest man-of-war, the Kittiwakes float gracefully in wide circles, until all, as if fatigued, sail down- ward again with common accord towards the transparent deep, and, alighting close to each other, seem to ride safely at anchor. There they now occupy themselves in cleaning and arranging their beautiful plumage.
The food of this species consists of small fish, sea insects, and small bivalves, most of which they procure while on wing, even those left dry by the tide. Unlike the larger species, they do not take up shell-fish to break them by letting them fall on the rocks; at least I never saw them do so. Their principal enemies are different species of Lestris, especially that beau- tiful one named the L. parasiticus. This tormentor follows the Kittiwake to the very waters around the Gulf of Florida during the winter. There, with astonishing swiftness, and an audacity scarcely to be surpassed, it gives chase to the Gull, overtakes it, and forces it to alight on the water, or to disgorge the fish which it has just swallowed.
The two represented in the plate were drawn at Boston, at the approach of spring, when the old birds had already assumed the pure white of the
