THE HUNDRED YEARS WAR 521 port from provincial estates and from a meeting of the Estates General summoned at Compiegne away from the influence of Marcel and the mob of Paris. But now a new uprising broke out among the peasantry of northern and northeastern France, called the "Jacquerie" from Jacques, or Jack, the common name for The a peasant. This uprising was directed, not so J acc i uerie I much against the royal government as against the local
- lords who had failed so completely to protect their ten-
j ants from the ravages of the English and of the compan- j ies of mercenaries and yet were insisting upon their rents 1 and services as oppressively as ever. The peasants were numerous, but poorly armed and organized, and were soon I crushed by the united action of the feudal lords. As usual I in the repression of such revolts, the nobles took a terrible I vengeance for the acts of violence which the peasantry jhad committed. The Jacquerie had the effect of bringing all the feudal lords over to the dauphin's side, while the ! townsmen lost support in public opinion because they were ' suspected of having encouraged the peasants' revolt. More- lover, Charles the Bad proved treacherous to his Parisian I supporters and negotiated with the dauphin. Finally Mar- Ice! was assassinated, as Artevelde had been in Flanders, and the dauphin recovered Paris. Thus the attempt to impose a permanent check upon the jmonarchy through the Estates General, and in particular to Igive the towns a greater share in the central gov- R , ernment, had failed. During the following reign reasserted of Charles V, known as "the Wise, " and famous by Charles V for his library and patronage of art and literature, the Estates met but once. As dauphin he had had his fill of them. He introduced two important customs which re- mained characteristic of the French government until the French Revolution of 1789; namely, the custom of having royal legislation registered by the Parlement or chief court of justice instead of bringing it before the Estates, and the vicious practice of customs duties on trade between the different provinces of France. Charles taxed heavily, but he
