ond House of, 471-72, 496-97, 553, 586, 625-26, 633-34Annals, 163, 199, 222, 375
Annates, 560
Anne, Duchess of Brittany, 626, 634
Anno, Archbishop of Cologne, 287
Anonymousness, of Chansons de geste , 403; of medieval architects, 416; of medieval sculptors, 601
Ansbach, 540
Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, 293, 380
Anselm of Laon, 380-81
Anthemius, praetorian prefect, 80
Anthemius of Tralles, 129
Anthropology, 3-5 , 9
Antichrist, 549, 564
Antioch, 23, 143, 150, 308, 316, 318-19; Patriarch of, 102, 156, 190
Antipopes, see Schism
Antiquity, romances of, 407
Antony, St., 109-10, 112
Apennines, 17, 80, 166, 353~54
Apocryphal scriptures, 101
Apollinare, see Sant'
Apollinaris, see Sidonius
Apollo, 113
Apologists, Christian, 104, 106
Apostolic poverty, 100, 443, 448, 451, 561, 563, 569
Apostolic see, see Papacy
Apostolic succession, 107
Appanages, 507, 624-25
Appeals to Rome (papal court), 295, 297-98, 463, 518, 573
Appenzell, 542
Apprentices, 331-33, 338-39, 390, 515, 604, 618
Apse, 146, chap. xxii
Apuleius, 63, 66, 74
Apulia, 226, 302, 468
Aqueducts, 32, 73, 155
Aquileia, Archbishop of, 134
Aquinas, Thomas, 385-86 , 411, 413, 451, 590
Aquitaine or Aquitania, 93, 118, 179, 198, 200, 212-13 , 267, 272 , 278, 321, 405, 457, 492, 627
Arabia, Arabic, and Arabs, 7, 14, 40, 151, chap. x , 192-94, 196, 199-200, 212, 218, 224, 227, 229, 308-09, 320, 324, 328, 369, 373, 376, 383-88, 393, 397, 407, 410, 469, 611
Arabian Nights , 182Arabian poetry, 172-73, 182, 184-85, 189
Arabic numerals, 183, 386
Aragon, 14, 273, 303-05 , 357, 404-05 , 410, 445, 448, 455-56 , 471, 488 , 497, 508, 566, 574, 586, 630-34 , 636
Aral Sea, 55-56
Aramaic, 182
Arbogast, 77-78
Arcadius, Roman Emperor, 78, 80
Arch, round, 32, 144, 420, 424, 600; pointed, 424-26, 430-31, 601
Arch of Constantine, 66
Archæology, 3-5 , 41-42
Archbishop, 102 , 114, 280, 375-76, 394, 436-37, 456-60 , 481, 534; and see Aquileia, Bordeaux, Canterbury, Cologne, Dalmatia, Magdeburg, Mainz, Milan, Narbonne, Prague, Ravenna, Rheims, Treves, York
Archdeacon, 286, 295, 437, 484, 562
Architecture, ancient, 20; Greek, 21; Roman, 32-33 , 418-19, 424, 599-601; early Christian, 82-83; early medieval, 26; the first Serbian churches, 152; southern France, 271; Italian municipal, 353-54; German, 369; English, 487; Renaissance, 587, 599-601 , 605-07; and see Byzantine, Gothic, Romanesque, basilica, cathedral, house, mosque
Archpriest, 438
Arena, see Amphitheater
Argonautic expedition, 407
Argonne, 364
Argos, 79
Arians, 55, 102, 105, 107, III, 120, 124, 126, 135, 138
Ariosto, 593
Aristocracy, see Feudalism, Nobility, Oligarchy
Aristotle, 22 , 31, 125, 183, 379-80, 384-86 , 411, 587, 589-90, 592
Arithmetic, 124-25
Aries, 90, 126
Aries, Kingdom of, 261, 271, 292, 538
Armagnac, Count of, 526, 625-26
Armagnacs, party of, 526, 531
Armenia, in, 177, 309, 455, 556
Armenia, Lesser or Little, 316, 344, 453, 550
Armenian language, 407
Armor, of Northmen, 218-20; feudal, 252; medieval manufacture of, 334;
of Black Prince, 517; of Joan of Arc, 529; in sculpture, 604
Army, Spartan, 25; Roman, 27-29 , 61, 68-70, 75, 99; early German, 47-48 ; barbarian troops in Roman and Byzantine service, 77-79, 86, 91, 133, 172; size of invading German armies, 119; Justinian's, 138, 149; Lombard, 170 ; Frankish, 202-04 ; Norse soldiers of adventure, 217, 301; Anglo-Saxon, 220-21; feudal, 239, 242, 251-52 , 257, 276-77; Capetian, 267, 492; crusading, 311, 314-
